Table 1.
Preclinical and clinical studies showing involvement of miRNAs in ELS and associated depression and suicidality
| Study | Species/model or human sample | Brain areas or source | Participating miRNAs | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rat, 180-min maternal separation combined with chronic restraint | Medial PFC | miR- 132, miR-124, miR-9, miR-29a | Uchida et al. [52] |
| 2 | Rat, 360-min maternal separation | Hippocampus | miR-16 | Bai et al. [36] |
| 3 | Rat, 180-min maternal separation, fluoxetine, ECT, and ketamine treatment | Hippocampus | Fluoxetine: 2 miRNAs | O’Connor et al. [37, 33] |
| ECT: 10 miRNAs | ||||
| Ketamine: 14 miRNAs | ||||
| All: miR-598-5p and miR-451 | ||||
| 4 | Rat, 360-min maternal separation and adult chronic variable stress | Nucleus accumbens | miR-504 | Zhang et al. [53] |
| 5 | Rat, 360-min maternal separation and adult chronic variable stress | Nucleus accumbens and striatum | miR-9, miR-326 | Zhang et al. [59] |
| 6 | Rat, 90-min maternal separation and miR-124 lentiviral injection | Dentate gyrus | miR-124 | Bahi [54] |
| 7 | Mouse, chronic variable stress | PFC | 23 downregulated miRNAs including miR-200c | Morrison et al. [74] |
| 8 | Rat, inescapable shock | PFC and hippocampus | PFC: miR-125 | Liu et al. [76] |
| Hipp: miR-16 | ||||
| 9 | Rat, chronic variable stress or dexamethasone treatment | Basolateral amygdala | miR-124a, miR-18a | Xu et al. [73] |
| 10 | Rat, 15-min maternal separation (augmented maternal care) | Hypothalamus | miR-488, miR-144, miR-542-5p, miR-421, miR-376b-5p | Vogel Ciernia et al. [69] |
| 11 | Rat, chronic variable stress or dexamethasone treatment | PFC and hippocampus | miR-124a, miR18a | Xu et al. [75] |
| 12 | Rat, prenatal restraint stress | Hippocampus | miR-125-1-3p | Cattane et al. [77] |
| 13 | Human, 40 men with high reported childhood abuse | Whole blood | Methylation at promoter region of miR-514, miR-520c, miR-215, miR-519a, miR-519e, mir-203, and let7d | Suderman et al. [80] |
| 14 | Human, patients with borderline personality disorder | Blood leukocytes | Methylation near promoter for miR-124-3 | Prados et al. [81] |
| 12 | Human, 52 healthy adults characterized by childhood trauma score | Whole blood | 80 miRNAs including miR-125-1-3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-200b-5p, miR-641, miR-146b-5p, miR-497, and miR-330-3p | Cattane et al. [77] |