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. 2020 Jan 15;10:1584. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01584

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Copyright © 2020 Nagy, Pethő, Gáll, Zavaczki, Nyitrai, Posta, Zarjou, Agarwal, Balla and Balla.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (PHI) FG4592 enhances the expression of osteochondrogenic markers that is inhibited by zinc. VSMCs were cultured in growth medium in the presence or absence of PHI FG4592 (5 and 20 μmol/L) or in calcification medium with or without PHI and zinc for 10 days, and the expression of osteochondrogenic markers was measured using qRT-PCR (A–C). (A) Relative expression of BMP-2 (bone morphogenic protein-2), (B) Msx-2 (Msh Homeobox 2), and (C) SP7 were determined by qRT-PCR and normalized to RNA45S5. Results are presented as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni correction. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.