TABLE 3.

Direct effects by group.

	Growth mindset group (n = 71)		Fixed mindset group (n = 101)		t
Variable	M	SD	M	SD
Mastery goal	3.92	0.84	3.56	0.96	−2.52∗
Performance-approach goal	2.41	0.89	2.46	0.86	0.44
Performance-avoidance goal	2.73	0.88	2.77	0.99	0.25
Controllability attribution	4.06	0.91	3.47	1.25	−3.38∗∗∗

^∗p < 0.05; ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.