Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Intervention and Control Groups (n = 121)*
| Characteristics | Intervention (n = 60) | Control (n = 61) |
|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||
| Age in years (n = 115) | 72.0 ± 0.94 | 73.1 ± 0.95 |
| Female sex, % (n = 116) | 75.9 | 82.8 |
| Education in years (n = 117) | 9.0 ± 0.45 | 8.7 ± 0.61 |
| Race (n = 120) | ||
| Non-Hispanic white, % | 1.7 | 1.6 |
| Non-Hispanic black, % | 11.9 | 14.8 |
| Hispanic, % | 86.4 | 83.6 |
| Living status (n = 119)† | ||
| Lives alone, % | 71.2 | 58.3 |
| Lives with one person, % | 28.8 | 31.7 |
| Lives with more than one person, % | 0.0 | 10.0 |
| Three or more comorbidities, % (n = 121) | 47.3 | 47.5 |
| Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors physical activity measures | ||
| Frequency per week of all exercise-related activities (n = 120) | 7.6 ± 0.61 | 8.0 ± 0.72 |
| Hours per week of all exercise-related activities (n = 120) | 24.0 ± 0.93 | 24.6 ± 1.16 |
| Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System physical activity measures | ||
| Met aerobic physical activity guidelines, % (n = 92) | 65.1 | 59.2 |
| Met aerobic and strengthening guidelines, % (n = 78) | 19.5 | 13.5 |
| Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System measures | ||
| Depression (n = 120) | 47.9 ± 1.23 | 48.3 ± 1.09 |
| Fatigue (n = 120) | 46.7 ± 1.29 | 46.6 ± 1.03 |
| Pain behavior (n = 120) | 51.0 ± 1.44 | 50.0 ± 1.37 |
| Pain intensity (n = 120) | 46.1 ± 1.54 | 45.1 ± 1.40 |
| Pain interference (n = 120) | 53.2 ± 1.35 | 51.3 ± 1.08 |
| Physical function (n = 120) | 39.1 ± 1.40 | 39.8 ± 1.27 |
| Sleep disturbance (n = 120) | 51.0 ± 1.24 | 51.0 ± 1.24 |
| Medical care questions (in the past 6 months) | ||
| Times visiting a physician (n = 117) | 5.2 ± 2.08 | 3.3 ± 0.27 |
| Times visiting an emergency department (n = 120) | 0.6 ± 0.19 | 0.5 ± 0.09 |
| Times hospitalized for one night or longer (n = 119) | 0.2 ± 0.08 | 0.4 ± 0.12 |
| Total nights spent in the hospital (n = 120) | 0.3 ± 0.16 | 0.5 ± 0.15 |
| Waist circumference, in inches (n = 118) | 40.9 ± 0.82 | 42.3 ± 0.80 |
| Resnick self-efficacy for exercise score (n = 118) | 6.1 ± 0.32 | 6.1 ± 0.30 |
| Falls in the past month (n = 119) | 0.1 ± 0.03 | 0.1 ± 0.04 |
Note: *Values are the mean ± SE unless otherwise indicated. T tests and chi-squared tests were used as appropriate for comparisons. †p < .05 for the difference between intervention and control groups.