FIG 1.

Evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of CAP treatment. (A) Different S. aureus strains resuspended in NS were exposed to CAP for 2 min. The surviving cells were counted using the plate dilution method. (B) The S. aureus strain ATCC 6538 was resuspended in NS and was exposed to CAP for up to 5 min. The surviving cells were counted using the plate dilution method. (C) The S. aureus strain Newman was diluted in NS, TSB, or PBS, and then the mixtures were exposed to CAP for 2 min. The surviving cells were counted using the plate dilution method. The solid symbols in panels A and B represent bacterial samples treated by CAP for different lengths of time. The hollow symbols in panel C represent CAP-treated or -untreated bacterial samples. All experiments were repeated four or five times. The numbers of surviving cells are presented as mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA was used for testing multiple groups. ns, no statistical significance; *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001.