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. 2020 Jan 15;10:2962. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02962

TABLE 2.

Means, standard deviations, and correlation coefficients across demographic and baseline measures.

Correlation coefficient
Mean (SD)/ percentage Stress mindset Failure mindset Willpower mindset
Stress-is-enhancing mindset 4.54 (0.66)
Failure-is-enhancing mindset 4.81 (0.78) 0.33∗∗∗
Non-limited willpower mindset 4.50 (0.69) 0.44∗∗∗ 0.21∗∗
Race (Non-white) 15% 0.08 0.04 0.05
Education (college degree) 45% –0.02 –0.04 0.01
Mother education (college degree) 59% –0.04 –0.08 0.02
Social desirability (cutoff) 13% 0.25∗∗∗ 0.03 0.30∗∗∗
Body mass index 25.0 (1.74) –0.01 0.02 0.11
Perceived likelihood of success 4.55 (0.75) 0.27∗∗∗ 0.09 0.19

Demographic variables are reported as percentage non-white, college educated, having a college educated mother or guardian, and indicating socially desirable reporting. Pearson correlation coefficients are calculated for all continuous variables and point-biserial correlations are calculated for binomial measures. All questionnaire items were on a six-point scale (1 = “Strongly Disagree”; 6 = “Strongly Agree”). p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.