Table 1. Baseline characteristics according to GGT quartiles.
| GGT quartile | Q1 (n=195) | Q2 (n=237) | Q3 (n=224) | Q4 (n=224) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.41 | ||||
| Male | 123 (63.1) | 132 (55.7) | 138 (61.6) | 132 (58.9) | |
| Female | 72 (36.9) | 105 (44.3) | 86 (38.4) | 92 (41.1) | |
| Age, years | 72.0 [64.0–78.0] | 71.0 [61.0–77.0] | 68.0 [60.0–75.0] | 67.0 [59.0–75.0] | 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.6 [20.7–24.5] | 23.1 [21.2–25.3] | 23.8 [22.0–26.0] | 23.7 [21.7–26.1] | <0.001 |
| Initial systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 157.0 [133.0–179.5] | 153.0 [138.0–174.0] | 150.0 [130.5–171.0] | 150.0 [130.0–175.0] | 0.33 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 98.0 [85.0–117.0] | 98.0 [88.0–122.0] | 100.0 [88.0–124.5] | 107.0 [90.5–132.0] | 0.002 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 170.0 [141.5–200.5] | 171.0 [147.0–198.0] | 175.0 [146.0–198.5] | 176.0 [147.0–205.0] | 0.52 |
| AST, IU/L | 19.0 [15.5–23.0] | 21.0 [18.0–27.0] | 24.0 [19.0–31.0] | 30.0 [22.0–43.5] | <0.001 |
| ALT, IU/L | 14.0 [10.0–18.0] | 16.0 [13.0–23.0] | 20.0 [15.0–30.0] | 27.5 [17.0–45.5] | <0.001 |
| GGT, IU/L | 13.0 [11.0–17.0] | 21.0 [17.0–24.0] | 32.0 [29.0–37.5] | 68.0 [52.5–99.5] | <0.001 |
| Previous stroke | 34 (17.4) | 58 (24.5) | 45 (20.1) | 36 (16.1) | 0.12 |
| Hypertension | 126 (64.6) | 168 (70.9) | 161 (71.9) | 151 (67.4) | 0.35 |
| Diabetes | 67 (34.4) | 79 (33.3) | 74 (33.0) | 85 (37.9) | 0.68 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 56 (28.7) | 71 (30.0) | 86 (38.4) | 79 (35.3) | 0.11 |
| Liver disease | 17 (8.7) | 35 (14.8) | 33 (14.7) | 53 (23.7) | <0.001 |
| Smoking history | 65 (33.3) | 85 (35.9) | 86 (38.4) | 89 (39.7) | 0.54 |
| AF | 19 (9.7) | 34 (14.3) | 35 (15.6) | 44 (19.6) | 0.04 |
| NIHSS score at admission | 4 [2–8] | 4 [2–10] | 4 [2–9] | 5 [2–11] | 0.17 |
| TOAST classification | 0.01 | ||||
| LAA | 78 (40.0) | 82 (34.6) | 88 (39.3) | 68 (30.4) | |
| SVO | 34 (17.4) | 42 (17.7) | 27 (12.1) | 27 (12.1) | |
| CE | 40 (20.5) | 74 (31.2) | 71 (31.7) | 85 (37.9) | |
| UD | 43 (22.1) | 39 (16.5) | 38 (17.0) | 44 (19.6) |
Data are n (%) or median [interquartile range] values.
AF: atrial fibrillation, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, AST: aspartate aminotransferase, BMI: body mass index, CE: cardioembolism, GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase, LAA: large-artery atherosclerosis, NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, SVO: small-vessel occlusion, TOAST: Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment, UD: undetermined.