Table 3. Characteristics of study participants across different performing district.
| D1 (n = 10) | D2 (n = 8) | D3 (n = 11) | D4 (n = 10) | D5 (n = 11) | D6 (n = 9) | Total (n = 59) | *p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Sex | 0.98 | |||||||
| Male | 5 (50.0) | 5 (62.5) | 6 (54.5) | 5 (50.0) | 5 (45.5) | 4 (44.4) | 30 (50.9) | |
| Female | 5 (50.0) | 3 (37.5) | 5 (45.5) | 5 (50.0) | 6 (54.5) | 5 (55.6) | 29 (49.1) | |
| Age | **0.37 | |||||||
| Mean (range) | 39.1 (29–57) | 39.5 (32–54) | 41.6 (30–58) | 35.6 (30–54) | 42 (33–57) | 36.8 (27–55) | 39.2 (27–58) | |
| Educational background | 0.99 | |||||||
| Public Health | 3 (30.0) | 3 (37.5) | 5 (45.4) | 3 (30.0) | 3 (27.7) | 4 (44.4) | 21 (35.6) | |
| Medical Doctor /Nursing/Midwife | 2 (20.0) | 3 (37.5) | 1 (9.1) | 2 (20.0) | 3 (27.7) | 1 (11.1) | 12 (20.3) | |
| Accounting/Financing | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 1 (9.1) | 2 (20.0) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (11.1) | 6 (10.2) | |
| Human Resource Management | 1 (10.0) | 0 | 1 (9.1) | 1 (10.0) | 0 | 0 | 3 (5.1) | |
| Nutrition | 1 (10.0) | 0 | 1 (9.1) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (11.1) | 5 (8.5) | |
| Other | 3 (30.0) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (10.0) | 3 (27.3) | 2 (22.2) | 12 (20.3) | |
| Highest educational qualification | 0.97 | |||||||
| Certificate/Diploma | 4 (40.0) | 4 (50.0) | 6 (54.6) | 3 (30.0) | 4 (36.4) | 4 (44.4) | 25 (42.4) | |
| Bachelor | 5 (50.0) | 2 (25.0) | 4 (36.4) | 5 (50.0) | 6 (54.5) | 4 (44.4) | 26 (44.1) | |
| Master/PhD | 1 (10.0) | 2 (25.0) | 1 (9.1) | 2 (20.0) | 1 (9.1) | 1 (11.1) | 8 (13.6) | |
| Years in current position | 0.52 | |||||||
| <5 | 6 (60.0) | 3 (37.5) | 3 (27.3) | 7 (70.0) | 7 (63.6) | 4 (44.4) | 30 (50.9) | |
| 5–10 | 3 (30.0) | 4 (50.0) | 6 (54.6) | 2 (20.0) | 2 (18.2) | 5 (55.6) | 22 (37.3) | |
| >10 | 1 (10.0) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (10.0) | 2 (18.2) | 0 | 7 (11.9) | |
| Previous management experience | 0.88 | |||||||
| <1yrs | 5 (50.0) | 3 (37.5) | 3 (30.0) | 3 (30.0) | 2 (18.2) | 4 (44.4) | 20 (34.5) | |
| 1-5yrs | 2 (20.0) | 2 (25.0) | 2 (20.0) | 6 (60.0) | 5 (45.5) | 3 (33.3) | 20 (34.5) | |
| 5+ yrs | 3 (30.0) | 3 (37.5) | 5 (50.0) | 1 (10.0) | 4 (36.4) | 2 (22.2) | 18 (31.0) | |
| Experience from other DHMTs | 0.48 | |||||||
| Experience | 4 (40.0) | 6 (75.0) | 6 (54.5) | 4 (40.0) | 4 (36.4) | 6 (66.7) | 30 (50.9) | |
| No experience | 6 (60.0) | 2 (25.0) | 5 (45.5) | 6 (60.0) | 7 (63.6) | 3 (33.3) | 29 (49.2) | |
| Formal Management & Leadership training | 0.40 | |||||||
| Formal training | 4 (44.4) | 2 (28.6) | 4 (40.0) | 7 (70.0) | 4 (36.4) | 2 (22.2) | 23 (41.1) | |
| No formal training | 5 (55.6) | 5 (71.4) | 6 (60.0) | 3 (30.0) | 7 (63.6) | 7 (77.8) | 33 (58.9) | |
| Informal Management and Leadership training within the 12 months | 0.44 | |||||||
| Informal training | 7 (77.8) | 6 (85.7) | 6 (54.5) | 7 (78.8) | 5 (45.5) | 5 (45.5) | 35 (64.8) | |
| No informal training | 2 (22.2) | 1 (14.3) | 5 (45.5) | 2 (22.2) | 6 (54.5) | 6 (54.5) | 19 (35.2) | |
*Fisher’s exact,
**Kruskal Wallis test,
1) Master of Science in Pharmacy (n = 1), Bachelor in Health Service Administration (n = 1), Diplomas in Management, Health Promotion and Disease Control (n = 3), 2) Masters in Disease Control and Prevention (n = 1), a Bachelor in Health Administration (n = 1) and a Bachelor in Business Administration (n = 1), 3) Bachelor’s in Health Management (n = 1), Masters in General Management (n = 1), Diploma in Purchasing and Supply (n = 1), Master of Philosophy in Leadership (n = 1)