Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, laboratory variables and obstetric and perinatal outcomes in women with GDM and controls. Data are presented as means ± SD or n (%). BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; LGA, large for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age.
| Characteristic | GDM (n = 31) | Controls (n = 29) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 31.9 ± 1.8 | 31.0 ± 3.6 | NS |
| Pre-gestational BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5 ± 1.8 | 22.3 ± 1.8 | NS |
| DM family history n (%) | 14 (51.3) | 14 (48.3) | NS |
| GDM personal history n (%) | 9 (29) | 3 (10) | NS |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 106.9 ± 12.3 | 106.8 ± 18 | NS |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 64 ± 9 | 61 ± 6 | NS |
| Basal glucose (mg/dl) | 92.5 ± 13 | 83 ± 4 | 0.01 |
| Total- cholesterol (mmol/l) | 244.4 ± 46.1 | 240.2 ± 30.1 | NS |
| LDL- cholesterol;(mmol/l) | 142.4 ± 44.6 | 139.3 ± 10.7 | NS |
| HDL- cholesterol (mmol/l) | 71.1 ± 16.4 | 77.6 ± 26.3 | NS |
| TG (mmol/l) | 193.8 ± 63.1 | 217.2 ± 68.0 | NS |
| Weight gain (kg) | 9.3 ± 4.1 | 11.8 ± 4.1 | 0.03 |
| Gestational age at delivery (wk) | 39.1 ± 1.3 | 39.2 ± 1.2 | NS |
| Caesarean section n (%) | 18 (39.0) | 5 (18) | 0.06 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3202 ± 589 | 3307 ± 545 | NS |
| Macrosomia n (%) | 3 (14.1) | 3 (9) | NS |
| HbA1c | 5.4 ± 0.36 | 4.8 ± 0.33 | 0.02 |
| LGA n (%) | 3 (10) | 3 (9) | NS |
| SGA n (%) | 2 (7) | 5 (16) | NS |