FIG 1.
Regularization of growth rates. (A) Regularization values for a toy model of two identical Escherichia coli populations. Two alternative solutions are shown with different individual growth rates and respective values of regularization optima. Here, L1 denotes minimizing the sum of growth rates, whereas L2 denotes minimizing the sum of squared growth rates. Only L2 regularization favors one over the other and identifies the expected solution where both populations grow with the same rate. (B) Effects of different trade-off values (fraction of maximum community growth rate) on the distribution of individual genus growth rates. Zero growth rates were assigned a value of 10−16, which was smaller than the observed nonzero minimum. Growth rates smaller than 10−6 were considered to not represent growth (gray shaded area). (C) Pearson correlation between replication rates and inferred growth rates with different trade-off values. “none” indicates a model without regularization returning arbitrary alternative solutions (see Materials and Methods). The dashed line indicates a correlation coefficient of zero.