FIG 3.

Immunogenicity and efficacy of coadministration of PfLSA1 and PfLSAP2. (A to C) BALB/c mice (8 per group) were vaccinated with 10⁸ IU ChAd63 expressing PfLSA1, PfLSAP2, or both vaccines mixed (Mix), resulting in a total virus dose of 2 × 10⁸ IU. A blood sample was taken on day 14, and PBMCs were analyzed by ICS after stimulation with a PfLSA1 or PfLSAP2 peptide pool. At day 17 postvaccination, the mice were challenged with 1,000 chimeric P. berghei sporozoites expressing PfLSA1 and PfLSAP2 and monitored for development of blood-stage malaria. The graphs represent the frequency of blood CD4⁺ IFN-γ⁺ (A) or CD8⁺ IFN-γ⁺ (B) T cells or summed CD4⁺ IFN-γ⁺ or CD8⁺ IFN-γ⁺ T cell responses (C). The bars represent median response; error bars indicate standard error of the mean. (D) Time to reach 1% parasitemia plotted on a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The data points indicate individual mice, and the horizontal lines show the median response per group.