Table 1.
Demographics and baseline characteristics (N = 438).
| Demographic | CAM users (N = 292) | Non-users (N = 146) | Total (N = 438) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female gender (%) | 269 (92.1) | 124 (84.9) | 393 (89.7) |
| Age (years), Mean (±SD) | 49 (±14) | 48 (±16) | 49 (±15) |
| Seropositive (%) | 162 (82.2) | 65 (64.4) | 227 (76.2) |
| BMI (kg/m2), Mean (±SD) | 30.55 (±6.73) | 30.28 (±7.36) | 30.46 (±6.94) |
| Duration of having RA (years), Mean (±SD) | 11 (±8) | 9 (±7) | 10 (±8) |
| Saudi nationality (%) | 288 (98.6) | 142 (97.3) | 430 (98.2) |
| Riyadh residence (%) | 218 (74.7) | 107 (73.3) | 325 (74.2) |
| Marital status (%) | |||
| Single | 41 (14) | 26 (17.8) | 67 (15.3) |
| Married | 198 (67.8) | 100 (68.5) | 298 (68) |
| Divorced | 24 (8.2) | 4 (2.7) | 28 (6.4) |
| Widowed | 29 (9.9) | 16 (11) | 45 (10.3) |
| Education (%) | |||
| Illiterate | 71 (24.3) | 34 (23.3) | 105 (24) |
| Elementary school | 56 (19.2) | 22 (15.1) | 78 (17.8) |
| High school | 62 (21.2) | 22 (15.1) | 84 (19.2) |
| Diploma | 36 (12.3) | 19 (13) | 55 (12.6) |
| University degree | 5 (1.7) | 6 (4.1) | 11 (2.5) |
| Postgraduate degree | 62 (21.2) | 43 (29.5) | 105 (24) |
| Employed (%) | 64 (21.9) | 32 (21.9) | 96 (21.9) |
| Monthly income (%) | |||
| Low <5000 SR | 89 (30.5) | 35 (24) | 124 (28.3) |
| Intermediate 5000–10,000 SR | 110 (37.6) | 61 (41.8) | 171 (39) |
| High >10,000 SR | 93 (31.8) | 50 (34.2) | 143 (32.6) |
| ESR (mm/hr) (±SD) | 28 (±21) | 24 (±20) | 27 (±21) |
| CRP (mg/L) (±SD) | 8 (±12) | 9 (±11) | 8 (±11) |
| HAQ score 0–3 (±SD) | 1.14 (±0.82) | 1.09 (±0.81) | 1.12 (±0.82) |
| Pain score 0–100 (±SD) | 42 (±31) | 45 (±31) | 43 (±31) |
| Morning stiffness (%) | 129 (44.2) | 61 (41.8) | 190 (43.4) |
SD: Standard deviation, Seropositive (which indicates either RF: Rheumatoid factor or Anti-CCP: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide), BMI: Body mass index (Kilograms per meter squared), RA: Rheumatoid arthritis, SR: Saudi Riyals, ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Millimeters/hour), CRP: C-reactive protein (Milligram/liter), HAQ: Health assessment questionnaire.