Table 2.

List of biotherapeutic molecules delivered by thermo-sensitive hydrogels.

Biotherapeutic molecules incorporated	Carriers	Significant effects	Reference
Docetaxel	Pluronic F127 and N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan	•Glioblastoma	(Turabee et al. 2019)
		•Sustained release for more than one month
Doxorubicin	Chitosan/hyaluronic acid/β-sodium glycerophosphate	•Acidic triggered release	(Zhang et al. 2018)
		•Beneficial for tumor site-specific administration of drug
Doxorubicin	Chitosan/β-sodium glycerophosphate/polyethylene glycol	•Sustained release for 13 d	(Han et al. 2018)
		•Superior tumor inhibition
Doxorubicin	D-PNAx nanomedicines	•Excellent antitumor activity for regional chemotherapy	(Wan et al. 2016)
Diclofenac sodium	Chitosan/β-sodium glycerophosphate	•Reduced inflammatory response	(Qi et al. 2016)
Asprin	Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide)/clay (Laponite XLS)/gold nanoparticles (Au-S-S NPs)/caboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTs)	•Control the release of asprin	(Chen et al. 2019)
Doxorubicin and vaccinia virus vaccine expressing Sig/E7/LAMP-1	Chitosan	•Increase the number of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells	(Han et al. 2008)
		•Exhibite a synergistic antitumor effect up to 60d
Bacillus Calmettee Guérin	Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate /Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle	•Prolong intravesical BCG residence time	(Zhang et al. 2013)
		•Induce a stronger Th1 immune response
Luteolin	Hyaluronic acid/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)	•Transdermal delivery of luteolin	(Kim et al. 2018)
Ketoprofen	Chitosan/poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-itaconic acid-co-ethylene–glycol dimethacrylate)	•Control the release of ketoprofen	(Matos Fonseca et al. 2019)
Doxorubicin	Chitosan/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-itaconic acid)	•Local therapy for breast cancer	(Fathi et al. 2019)
Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells	Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate/collagen	•Form engineered adipose tissue	(Song et al. 2017)
Induced pluripotent stem cells	Polyethylene glycol-co-poly-ε-caprolactone/collagen-binding peptide	•Delivery cells to infarcted myocardium and restore heart function	(Wang et al. 2015)
Zinc	Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogel	•Promote bone tissue engineering	(Niranjan et al. 2013)
Cells	Block poly(-caprolactone) and poly(ethylene glycol)	•Promote peripheral nerve regeneration	(Niu et al. 2014)
Rabbit chondrocytes	Poly(ethyleneglycol)/poly(ɛ-caprolactone)	•Form new neocartilage	(Park et al. 2007)
Acellular bone matrix	Poly(ethylene glycol)epoly(ε-capro-lactone)epoly(ethylene glycol)	•Promote the bone regeneration of cranial defects	(Ni et al. 2014)
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Arg-Gly-Asp modified hydroxybutyl chitosan	•Inhibit the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts	(Qu et al. 2019)
5-aminosalicylic acid	Levan/N-isopropyl acrylamide	•Increase the biocompatibility with cells	(Osman et al. 2017)
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Poly-NIPAM	•Promote the wound closure	(Lei et al. 2018)
Dextran	Graphene oxide/oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate/ 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethyl methacrylate	•Possess high antibacterial activity	(Cheng et al. 2018)
Mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells		•Control the release of drug and cells
Keratinocyte growth factor	Heparin-modified poloxamer	•Prevent IUA, and promote morphologic and functional recovery of the injured uterus	(Xu et al. 2017)
Dexamethasone and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein	Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate	•Promote the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of cells	(Mukherjee et al. 2018)
Collagen I	Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate	•Promote the wound restoration	(Tang et al. 2019)
Plasmid DNA	Chitosan/Pluronic	•Enhance local transgene expression	(Lee et al. 2009)
Nanocomplex of graphene oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor-165	Polyethylenimine functionalized GO nanosheets/low-modulus methacrylated gelatin	•Promote controlled and localized gene therapy	(Paul et al. 2014)
Lysozyme	Poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(sulfamethazine carbonate urethane)	•Sustained delivery of cationic proteins	(Phan et al. 2017)
Insulin	Chitosan/PLGA-PEG-PLGA	•Ocular protein drug delivery	(Rong et al. 2019)
Insulin	Poly (ε-caprolactone)-b-poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (ε-caprolactone)	•Control the release of insulin	(Nguyen et al. 2019)
Vascular endothelial growth factor	Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-mPEG) block copolymer	•Promote vascularization and bone regeneration	(Chen et al. 2018)