Table 2. Continued.
| Model * | K | DIC | ΔDIC | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| avian stress-induced cort ~ baseline cort + mass + sex + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + human footprint index + ALAN + urban adaptability + ALAN*urban adaptability | 15 | 191.04 | 2.990 | 0.060 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ baseline cort + mass + sex + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + human population density + urban adaptability + human population density*urban adaptability | 15 | 191.84 | 3.794 | 0.040 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ baseline cort + mass + sex + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + human footprint index + ALAN + human population density | 13 | 192.39 | 4.344 | 0.030 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ mass + sex + temp + precip + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + human footprint index + ALAN + human population density + urban adaptability + + human footprint index*urban adaptability + ALAN*urban adaptability + human population density*urban adaptability | 21 | 193.81 | 5.763 | 0.015 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ 1 (intercept only) | 5 | 288.45 | 100.398 | 0 |
| USA data, avian baseline (n = 344 measures from 61 species) | ||||
| avian baseline cort ~ mass + sex + temp + precip + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + anthropogenic noise + urban adaptability + anthropogenic noise*urban adaptability | 17 | 490.07 | 0 | 0.281 |
| avian baseline cort ~ mass + sex + temp + precip + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts (null model) | 12 | 490.19 | 0.125 | 0.264 |
| avian baseline cort ~ mass + sex + temp + precip + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + anthropogenic noise | 13 | 490.27 | 0.199 | 0.254 |
| avian baseline cort ~ mass + sex + temp + precip + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + urban adaptability | 14 | 490.74 | 0.669 | 0.201 |
| avian baseline cort ~ 1 (intercept only) | 5 | 508.21 | 18.143 | 0 |
| USA data, avian stress-induced (n = 214 measures from 45 species) | ||||
| avian stress-induced cort ~ baseline cort + mass + sex + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + urban adaptability | 12 | 132.54 | 0 | 0.421 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ baseline cort + mass + sex + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + anthropogenic noise + urban adaptability + anthropogenic noise*urban adaptability | 15 | 133.42 | 0.883 | 0.271 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ baseline cort + mass + sex + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts (null model) | 10 | 134.18 | 1.64 | 0.185 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ baseline cort + mass + sex + life history stage + max breeding attempts + life history stage*max breeding attempts + anthropogenic noise | 11 | 134.99 | 2.453 | 0.123 |
| avian stress-induced cort ~ 1 (intercept only) | 5 | 178.20 | 45.660 | 0 |
*All models include ‘population ID’, ‘lab ID’ and ‘species’ as random effects.