Table 2.
Key phenotypic similarities and differences between type I, II and III strains
+, At least 90 % of isolates are positive; −, at least 90 % of isolates are negative; d+, 40–89 % of isolates are positive; d−, 11–39 % of isolates are positive; nd, not determined.
| Characteristic* | Type I | Type II | Type III |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indole production | + | d+ | + |
| Catalase activity | + | + | + |
| Nitrate reduction | + | + | d+ |
| Gelatin liquefaction | + | + | − |
| Aesculin hydrolysis | − | − | − |
| β-Haemolysis (5 days at 37 °C) | d+ | − | − |
| Neuraminidase | d+ | − | − |
| Lipase | d+ | d− | d+ |
| l-Pyrrolydonyl arylamidase | d+ | d− | − |
| Pyruvate | d+ | + | − |
| Fermentation of: | |||
| Sorbitol | d+ | − | − |
| Maltose | − | − | − |
| Sucrose | − | − | − |
| Glycerol | d+ | d+ | + |
| Ribose | d− | d+ | − |
| Cell wall components | |||
| Dermatan sulphate-binding adhesins | d+ | − | − |
| DAP isomer | ll- | ll- (meso) | LL- |
| Amino acids | Ala, Gly, Glu |
Ala, Gly, Glu | nd |
| Sugars | Galactose, Glucose, Mannose | Glucose Mannose | nd |
*Key phenotypic characteristics were compiled from data from one or more of the following publications: McDowell et al. (2005, 2008, 2011); Lomholt & Kilian (2010); Niazi et al. (2010); Patrick & McDowell (2011); Dekio et al. (2015).