Table 2.
Descriptive summary of participant characteristics, diet, and task performance.
| Mean | SD | |
|---|---|---|
| Sex, females/males | 23/34 | |
| Maternal level of education n (%) | ||
| High school graduate n (%) | 1 (2) | |
| Some college n (%) | 10 (20) | |
| Bachelor's degree n (%) | 14 (28) | |
| Advanced degree n (%) | 25 (50) | |
| Age, years | 5.0 | 0.6 |
| BMI-for-age %ile | 51.8 | 33.7 |
| Underweight, n (%) | 4 (7) | |
| Normal or healthy, n (%) | 40 (70) | |
| Overweight, n (%) | 4 (7) | |
| Obese, n (%) | 9 (16) | |
| Whole body fat, % | 30.1 | 6.4 |
| Visceral adipose tissue, g | 111.9 | 67.7 |
| Total Healthy Eating Index-2015 | 54.2 | 14.2 |
| Total fruits | 3.4 | 1.6 |
| Whole fruits | 4.0 | 1.5 |
| Total Vegetables | 2.0 | 1.2 |
| Greens and beans | 1.2 | 1.5 |
| Whole grains | 4.2 | 1.1 |
| Dairy | 2.8 | 1.9 |
| Total protein Foods | 4.9 | 3.2 |
| Seafood and plant proteins | 8.1 | 2.4 |
| Fatty acids | 3.5 | 2.8 |
| Refined grains | 4.6 | 3.4 |
| Sodium | 5.1 | 2.6 |
| Added sugars | 4.9 | 4.0 |
| Saturated fats | 5.5 | 2.6 |
| General Intellectual Ability, standard score | 109.1 | 14.2 |
| Memory for names | 108.3 | 10.1 |
| Sound blending | 100.2 | 14.2 |
| Verbal analogies | 106.4 | 17.8 |
| Visual closure | 101.7 | 11.1 |
| Rapid picture naming | 107.0 | 12.9 |
| Early academic skills, standard score | 101.4 | 14.3 |
| Letter word recognition | 99.8 | 15.5 |
| Number sense | 111.1 | 15.5 |
| Writing | 98.3 | 14.3 |
| Expressive language, standard score | 110.3 | 16.0 |
| aPicture vocabulary | 111.0 | 11.6 |
| aSentence repetition | 108.2 | 16.4 |
a
Tests also included in the General Intellectual Ability-Early Development cluster.