Table 2. Model performance of the final national scale (1–3 km) and the road (100–500 m) roadkill HSMs using roadkill background data.

Schoener’s D index scores represent the niche overlap between models using random and roadkill background data.

Model type	N	Feature types	Regularisation multiplier	AICc	Full AUC	Schoener’s D
National (1 km)	6,004	LQ	1	138,246	0.72	0.85
Major road (100 m)	788	LQ	1	22,054	0.5	0.9
B road (100 m)	368	LQH	4	10,186	0.6	0.84
Minor road (100 m)	1,476	LQH	4	44,442	0.71	0.93
All roads (100 m)	2,623	LQHPT	4	79,724	0.74	0.92