Table 1.
Baseline clinical and pathological characteristics of the 138 patients with advanced PanNET treated with TEM or TEM-CAP
| TEM (n = 38) | TEM-CAP (n = 100) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender, n (%) | 19 (50) | 58 (58) | 0.40 |
| Age, years | 59.5±11.6 | 57.0±12.1 | 0.53 |
| Hormonal syndrome, n (%) | 12 (31.6) | 15 (15.0) | 0.03 |
| Gastrinoma | 5 | 8 | |
| Insulinoma | 1 | 3 | |
| Glucagonoma | 4 | 3 | |
| VIPoma | 1 | 0 | |
| Parathyroid hormone-related protein | 1 | 0 | |
| Calcitonin | 0 | 1 | |
| Ki-67 index, %a | 7.8±6.2 | 11.0±10.3 | 0.16 |
| Tumor grade, n (%)a | 0.17 | ||
| G1 | 6 (15.8) | 12 (12.5) | |
| G2 | 31 (81.6) | 71 (74) | |
| G3 | 1 (2.6) | 13 (13.5) | |
| WHO performance status, n (%) | 0.51 | ||
| 0 | 22 (57.9) | 65 (65) | |
| 1 | 14 (36.8) | 33 (33) | |
| 2 | 2 (5.3) | 2 (2) | |
| Tumor stage, n (%) | 0.83 | ||
| Locally advanced | 1 (2.6) | 3 (3) | |
| Liver metastases only | 22 (57.9) | 52 (52) | |
| Extrahepatic metastases | 15 (39.5) | 45 (45) | |
| Progression within 12 months, n (%) | 33/35 (94.3) | 69/70 (98.6) | 0.26 |
| 3 nonevaluable | 30 nonevaluable | ||
| Delay to diagnosis, months | 58.7±49.6 | 29.9±35.7 | 0.001 |
| Previous treatments, n (%) | |||
| Primary tumor surgery | 21 (55.3) | 51 (51) | 0.65 |
| Chemotherapy | 16 (42.1) | 22 (22) | 0.02 |
| Targeted therapy | 10 (26.3) | 14 (14) | 0.09 |
| Liver transarterial (chemo-)embolization | 7 (18.4) | 8 (8) | 0.12 |
| Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy | 2 (5.3) | 1 (1) | 0.18 |
| Somatostatin analog treatment | 19 (50.0) | 29 (29) | 0.02 |
| Previous lines, n | <0.001 | ||
| 0 | 9 (23.7) | 58 (58) | |
| ≥1 | 29 (76.3) | 42 (42) |
Values are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD. Bold type denotes significance. PanNET, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor; TEM, temozolomide; CAP, capecitabine. * 4 missing values.