Fig. 1.

Lung function decline in patients with IPF treated with placebo in Phase II and III clinical trials [16]. Red dots denote the mean or median change from baseline in FVC or VC in the placebo groups of Phase II and III clinical trials in patients with IPF. The black line denotes the mean decline in FVC in healthy subjects aged 60 years based on FVC measurements taken between 1987–1989, 1990–1992, and 2011–2013 [87]. Reproduced with permission of the ^© ERS 2019 [16]. This material has not been reviewed prior to release; therefore, the European Respiratory Society may not be responsible for any errors, omissions, or inaccuracies, or for any consequences arising there from, in the content. FVC, forced vital capacity; IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.