Dyspnea is the most common symptom in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), resulting in significant morbidity and alleviating dyspnea is a key objective of COPD management

Dyspnea is believed to result from disruption of the normal relationship between inspiratory neural drive (IND) to breathe and the dynamic response of the respiratory system

Therapeutic interventions including bronchodilators, exercise training, ambulatory oxygen, inspiratory muscle training, and opiates can reduce dyspnea by reducing neuromechanical dissociation of the respiratory system

Dyspnea management is challenging, and effective management requires combined interventions and a multidisciplinary approach tailored to the individual patient