. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019 Aug 26;61(2):157–166. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13116

Table 3.

Home and Family Factors Associated with Latent Profiles at Age 5-Years

	Typically- Developing (n=49)	At-Risk (n=47)	Psychiatric (n=15)	Inattentive/ Hyperactive (n=14)	p

Public health insurance, %(n)	38.8 (19)^a,b	59.6 (28)^a	73.3 (11)^b	64.3 (9)	.05
Single parent household, %(n)	18.4 (9)^a,b	61.7 (29)^a	66.7 (10)^b	42.9 (6)	<.001
Social risk index	0.90 (1.2)^a,b	1.83 (1.4)^a	2.07 (1.4)^b	1.43 (1.2)	.003
Income-to-needs ratio	2.56 (2.3)	1.76 (1.9)	1.27 (1.0)	1.79 (2.2)	.09
Family dysfunction	1.36 (0.1)^a,b	1.57 (0.1)^a	1.78 (0.1)^b	1.64 (0.1)	.001
Cognitive stimulation	45.51 (0.7)^a	41.46 (0.7)^a	41.58 (1.3)	43.65 (1.4)	.004
Maternal IQ	102.88 (1.7)^a	92.32 (1.9)^a	94.45 (3.3)	99.14 (3.2)	.001
Maternal distress index	0.45 (0.2)^a,b	1.10 (0.2)^a,d	2.20 (0.3)^b,d,f	0.90 (0.3)^f	<.001
Depression	2.69 (1.0)^a,b	6.78 (1.0)^a,d	13.32 (1.9)^b,d,f	5.89 (1.9)^f	<.001
Anxiety	29.51 (1.4)^a,b	36.40 (1.5)^a	43.72 (2.6)^b,f	33.40 (3.7)^f	<.001
Parenting stress	19.87 (3.9)^a,b	36.04 (4.0)^a,d	79.54 (7.4)^b,d,f	36.28 (7.1)^f	<.001
Stressful life events	37.70 (4.2)^a,b,c	62.23 (4.3)^a	71.90 (7.8)^b	67.27 (7.8)^c	<.001
Social support	5.39 (0.2)	4.96 (.20)	4.95 (0.3)	5.12 (0.3)	.37
Parental Symptoms
Maternal ADHD	38.95 (1.4)^a,b	45.44 (1.4)^a	52.73 (2.8)^b	45.46 (3.2)	<.001
Paternal ADHD (n=80)	40.80 (1.6)^a,b	49.77 (1.9)^a,d	59.9 (3.1)^b,d	56.20 (4.4)	<.001
Maternal ASD	42.32 (1.0)^a,b	49.11 (1.1)^a,d	57.70 (1.9)^b,d,f	48.04 (2.2)^f	<.001
Paternal ASD (n=84)	43.72 (1.5)^a,b	52.04 (1.7)^a,d	61.82 (2.8)^{b,d, f}	45.00 (3.8)^f	<.001

Note. Means and standard errors reported unless indicated. Pair-wise comparison p<.05 Profile

1 vs. 2

1 vs. 3

1 vs. 4

2 vs. 3

2 vs. 4

3 vs. 4