Table 4.
Model 1a | Model 2b | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome Variables | Gc | Td | G*Tc | G | T | G*T | Attitude | Efficacy | Barrier | Influence | Perceived resource | Perceived isolation | ||
Pain frequency | T0 | −0.01 | - | - | −0.01 | - | - | −0.002 | 0.002 | −0.000 | −0.003 | −0.001 | 0.014 | |
T1 | −0.09 | 0.02 | −0.11 | 0.07 | ||||||||||
T2 | −0.13 | 0.002 | −0.17† | −0.001 | ||||||||||
Pain distress | T0 | −0.06 | - | - | −0.03 | - | - | −0.005 | −0.001 | −0.009 | 0.005 | −0.004 | 0.015 | |
T1 | −0.07 | 0.05 | −0.09 | 0.07 | ||||||||||
T2 | −0.24* | 0.13 | −0.24† | 0.10 | ||||||||||
General symptom distress | T0 | −0.15† | - | - | −0.18* | - | - | 0.000 | −0.003* | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.004 | 0.09 | |
T1 | 0.01 | −0.16* | 0.05 | −0.06 | ||||||||||
T2 | −0.12* | −0.04 | −0.06 | 0.08 | ||||||||||
Physical symptom distress | T0 | −0.12 | - | - | −0.16† | - | - | |||||||
T1 | 0.02 | −0.22** | 0.02 | −0.08 | 0.002 | −0.003† | 0.007† | 0.008 | −0.05 | −0.05 | ||||
T2 | −0.10† | −0.13 | −0.05 | −0.05 | ||||||||||
Psychological symptom distress | T0 | −0.04 | - | - | −0.13 | - | - | |||||||
T1 | −0.05 | −0.18* | −0.03 | −0.08 | −0.004 | −0.002 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.13† | ||||
T2 | −0.13* | −0.11 | −0.08 | 0.05 |
T0 = Time 0 (pre-test), T1 = Time 1 (post 1 month), T2 = Time 2 (post 3 months), G = group, T = time
Model 1 adjusted for the covariates, including age, sub-ethnicity, educational attainment, marital status, income, country of birth, acculturation, cancer type, cancer stage, and perceived health status in addition to a random intercept.
Model 2 adjusted for the covariates, a random intercept, and the theory-based mediators (attitude, efficacy, barrier, social influence, perceived social support, and perceived isolation).
Group and Group*Time effects were estimated for intervention group, relative to control group as a reference.
Time 0 is a reference.
p<.10,
p<.05,
p<.01