Alignment of the P. aeruginosa BC enzyme (shown in yellow ribbon; PBD 2VQD) co-crystallized with substrate analog AMPCP (carbon, yellow; nitrogen, blue; phosphate, orange; oxygen, red; all rendered as sticks) and the H. influenzae BC enzyme (shown in light blue ribbon) co-crystallized with 14a (carbon, light blue; nitrogen, blue; chlorine, light green; all rendered as sticks; PDB code 6OI8). Resistance-conferring mutants were found at residue positions 278 and 437, which in the WT enzymes shown here are leucine and isoleucine, respectively (shown as sticks).