Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Perspect Psychol Sci. 2019 Sep 27;15(1):81–89. doi: 10.1177/1745691619867107

Figure 2. Types of gene-environment correlations (rGE).

Figure 2.

Passive rGE (A), occurs when two individuals share genetic variation (e.g., family members) and one provides an environment to the other; evocative rGE (B), occurs when an individual’s genetically influenced behavior evokes certain responses from others; and active rGE (C), occurs when individuals choose their environment (e.g. friends, activities) based on genetically influenced traits.

Note. Dashed double arrows depict correlations, while one directional arrows depict causal pathways. Adapted from (Avinun & Knafo-Noam, 2017)