Table 1.

Reports of alteration of NfL concentration in various brain disorders.

Diseases	Material	Detection Method	Cut-Off or Control (pg/mL)	Disease (pg/mL)	Model	Sample	Citation
ALS	CSF	ELISA	3819	9427	Human	220	[22]
	Serum	Single Molecule Array	49	125	Human	44	[23]
	Serum	ELISA	159	179	Human	149	[24]
	CSF	ELISA	1838	4700	Human	190	[25]
	CSF, Serum	ELISA	6802, 255	2,300, 128	Human	135	[26]
	CSF	ELISA	1843.52	5741.51	Human	94	[27]
	Blood	ELISA	63	424	Human	125	[28]
	CSF	ELISA	1431	2521	Human	150	[29]
	CSF	ECL	201.8	7388	Human	76	[30]
	CSF, Serum	ELISA	663, 30	7118, 97	Human	65	[31]
	CSF, Serum	ECL	466.5, 22	7304, 90	Human	56	[32]
	CSF	ELISA	2140	8160	Human	37	[33]
	CSF	ELISA	2399	9285	Human	37	[34]
	CSF	ELISA	2200	>2200	Human	242	[35]
MS	Serum	ELISA	36.26	45.33	Human	74	[36]
	CSF, Serum	ELISA	205, 10.5	925, 19.1	Human	286	[37]
	CSF	ELISA	1287	1900	Human	59	[38]
	CSF	ELISA	364	1468	Human	43	[39]
	CSF	ELISA	212	895	Human	41	[40]
	CSF	ELISA	29.6	43.4	Human	142	[41]
	CSF, Serum	ECL	NA,1.3	9, 811	Human	31	[42]
	Serum	ECL	7.9	24.1	Human	100	[43]
	CSF	ELISA	10	26	Human	63	[44]
	CSF	ELISA	128.3	435.2	Human	47	[46]
	CSF	ELISA	1500	2500	Human	47	[47]
	CSF	ELISA	125	265	Human	60	[48]
	CSF	ELISA	125	1727	Human	66	[49]
	CSF	ELISA	350	1300	Human	92	[50]
	CSF, Serum	Single Molecule Array	341, 8.2	1475, 17	Human	39	[51]
AD	Plasma	ECL	34.7	43	Human	187	[45]
	Plasma	ELISA	25.7	49.1	Human	58	[52]
	CSF	ELISA	1296	10255	In vivo (Mouse)	-	[53]
	CSF	ELISA	-	12–24 fold	Human	30	[54]
	CSF	ELISA	77.7	228.9	Human	93	[55]
	Plasma	Single Molecule Array	17.8	32.9	Human	119	[56]
	serum	Ultrasensitive immunoassay	6.1	23.2	Human	48	[57]
Dementia	CSF	ELISA	981	2557	Human	41	[58]
	CSF	ELISA	1197.1	5966.9	Human	103	[59]
	CSF	ELISA	250	844	Human	34	[60]
	CSF	ELISA	860	1380	Human	103	[61]
	CSF	ELISA	125	410	Human	24	[62]
	CSF	ELISA	250	780	Human	53	[63]
	CSF	ELISA	5	16.9	Human	46	[64]
	CSF	ELISA	390	510	Human	17	[65]
	CSF	RT-QuIC	1632	8908	Human	103	[66]
	CSF and serum	ELISA	804	6762	Human	126	[67]
	Serum	ELISA	19.6	57.8	Human	34	[68]
	Serum and CSF	ECL	17, NA	56, 2948	Human	74	[69]
	CSF	ELISA	974	3168	Human	361	[70]
	Serum	Single Molecule Array	14.5	296	Human	45	[71
	CSF	ELISA, Western Blotting	1167	1857	Human	77	[72]
	CSF	ELISA	686.5	2473	Human	16	[73]
PD	Plasma	Single Molecule Array	17.8	23.3	Human	23	[74]
	CSF	Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry	Not mentioned	Not mentioned	Human	26	[75]
	CSF and serum	ELISA	887	896	Human	244	[76]
	CSF	ELISA	619	915	Human	32	[77]
	CSF	ELISA	5.2/33.4	1503	Human	31	[78]
Stroke	Serum	ELISA	100>	<200	Human	196	[79]
	Serum	ECL	16	211.2	Human	615	[80]
	Serum	ECL	34.59	73.45	Human	79	[81]
	Blood	ECL	46.3	108.9	Human	49	[82]
HD	CSF, Blood	ECL	17.04, 13.79	491.1, 121.3	In vivo (Mouse)	-	[83]
Spinal cord injury	Serum	ECL	5	21	Human	23	[84]
Traumatic brain injury	Serum	ELISA	13	196	Human	72	[85]
	Repeated serum sampling and ventricular CSF	ELISA	31	400	Human	182	[86]
	Serum	ELISA	9	22	Human	49	[87]
Charcot-Marie-Tooth	Plasma	Single Molecule Array	14	26	Human	75	[88]
	DNA	Western Blotting, RT-PCR	-		In vivo (Mouse)	-	[89]
	Motor neurons	PCR, GFP fluorescence, Cofractionation assay, immunoprecipitation assay and western blot	-		In vivo (Mouse)	-	[90]
	SW13Vim− SW13Vim+ cell lines*	Western blotting, Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy	-	-	Human	-	[91]
	SW13Vim− SW13Vim+ cell lines*	Western blotting, Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy	-	-	Human	-	[92]
Bipolar disorder	CSF	ELISA	359	480	Human	133	[93]
	CSF	ELISA	232>	395	Human	77	[94]
	CSF	ELISA	254	485	Human	82	[95]

^*SW13 has two subtypes including SW13(vim-) which expresses neither BRG1 nor Brm, SW13(vim+) which does express both.