Table 1. General characteristics of study participants across categories of whole-day water intakea.
Whole-day water intake (n. of glasses/d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
<2 | 2–5 | 6–8 | >8 | P-valueb | |
Age, y | 37.7±7.5 | 36.4±8.1 | 35.2±8.5 | 35.9±9.1 | <0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.7±4.7 | 24.5±4.0 | 25.07±4.7 | 25.01±4.9 | 0.17 |
Female, % | 69.9 | 55 | 44.4 | 38.3 | <0.001 |
Obesity, % | 41.4 | 40.7 | 42.8 | 41 | 0.90 |
Married, % | 81.8 | 82.3 | 79.2 | 71.8 | <0.001 |
Current smokers, % | 4.8 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 3.3 | 0.31 |
Supplement use, % | 7.1 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 0.86 |
GI medications use, % | 24.4 | 22.8 | 22.3 | 26.8 | 0.35 |
Antipsychotic medications use, % | 5.1 | 4.9 | 4.0 | 6.8 | 0.33 |
Regular meal pattern, % | <0.001 | ||||
Often or always | 52.3 | 59.3 | 63.6 | 58.9 | |
Never or occasionally | 47.7 | 40.7 | 36.4 | 41.1 | |
Tooth loss, % | <0.001 | ||||
Have all teeth | 27.7 | 34.9 | 35.5 | 33 | |
Lost 1–5 teeth | 60 | 57.7 | 57.7 | 60.7 | |
Lost >5 teeth | 12.2 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 6.3 | |
Depression, % | 32.3 | 50.7 | 12.8 | 4.2 | <0.001 |
aData are mean ± standard deviation (SD) or percent.
bObtained from ANOVA or chi-square test, where appropriate.