Table 3.

Associations between race/ethnicity, tobacco marketing exposure, known tobacco-use-related risk factors and current tobacco use among adult PATH Wave 1 participants

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Covariate	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Race/ethnicity
NH Whites	1.0	1.0	1.0
NH AI/AN	1.80 (1.47, 2.21)***	1.41 (1.11, 1.79)**	1.35 (1.07, 1.69)*
NH Blacks	1.06 (0.96, 1.17)	0.75 (0.68, 0.84)***	0.76 (0.69, 0.84)***
NH Asians	0.40 (0.33, 0.49)***	0.37 (0.30, 0.46)***	0.45 (0.36, 0.55)***
NH Other	1.23 (0.98, 1.53)	0.82 (0.63, 1.06)	0.85 (0.65, 1.12)
Hispanics	0.63 (0.57, 0.69)***	0.38 (0.34, 0.43)***	0.42 (0.38, 0.47)***
Age (continuous)		0.981 (0.979, 0.983)***	0.982 (0.980, 0.984)***
Gender
Female		1.0	1.0
Male		2.11 (1.96, 2.27)***	2.23 (2.07, 2.41)***
Education
Less than high school/GED		1.45 (1.29, 1.64)***	1.47 (1.29, 1.67)***
High school/GED		1.0	1.0
Some college or more		0.72 (0.65, 0.80)***	0.72 (0.65, 0.80)***
Poverty status
Below poverty level		1.74 (1.58, 1.91)***	1.67 (1.51, 1.83)***
At or near poverty level		1.62 (1.51, 1.74)***	1.54 (1.43, 1.65)***
At or above twice poverty level		1.0	1.0
Tobacco user in household
No		1.0	1.0
Yes		3.74 (3.44, 4.07)***	3.31 (3.04, 3.60)***
Urban residence
No		1.0	1.0
Yes		1.11 (1.02, 1.21)*	1.10 (1.02, 1.20)*
Noticed tobacco ads/ promotions on store windows/ inside stores where tobacco is sold in the past 6 months
No			1.0
Yes			1.10 (1.03, 1.17)**
Received an e-mail message with promotions or coupons for cigarettes or tobacco products in the past 6 months
No			1.0
Yes			1.37 (1.22, 1.55)***
Received promotions or coupons in the mail for cigarettes or tobacco products in the past 6 months
No			1.0
Yes			2.93 (2.61, 3.28)***
Saw cigarette/other tobacco packages displayed inside or outside shops or stores where tobacco products are sold in the past 30 days
No			1.0
Yes			1.08 (0.99, 1.17)

^*P<0.05;

^**P<0.01;

^***P<0.001.