Table I.

Selected left hemisphere language regions and associated functions for naming in healthy individuals.

Region	Potential contributions to naming	Relevant studies/reviews
IFG	Semantic processing; lexical-semantic control, retrieval, and/or selection	Binder & Desai, 2011; Binder, Desai, Graves, & Conant, 2009; Krieger-Redwood & Jefferies, 2014; Noonan, Jefferies, Visser, & Lambon Ralph, 2013; Poldrack et al., 1999; Thompson-Schill, D’Esposito, Aguirre, & Farah, 1997; Vigneau et al., 2006; Whitney, Kirk, O’Sullivan, Lambon Ralph, & Jefferies, 2011, 2012
	Phonological processing; syllabification; phonetic encoding; motor sequencing	Indefrey, 2011; Indefrey & Levelt, 2004; Poldrack et al., 1999; Price, 2012
MFG	Semantic processing; word retrieval	Binder & Desai, 2011; Binder et al., 2009; Price, 2012
PCG	Phonological processing; articulation	Indefrey, 2011; Price, 2012; Vigneau et al., 2006
MTG	Semantic processing; conceptual preparation; lexical-semantic control/retrieval	Binder et al., 2009; Indefrey & Levelt, 2004; Krieger-Redwood & Jefferies, 2014; Price, 2012; Vigneau et al., 2006; Whitney et al., 2011, 2012
	Phonological code retrieval	Indefrey & Levelt, 2004
SMG	Semantic processing	Binder & Desai, 2011; Binder et al., 2009
	Phonological processing	Humphreys & Lambon Ralph, 2015; Vigneau et al., 2006
	Bottom-up attention	Humphreys & Lambon Ralph, 2015
AG	Semantic processing	Binder & Desai, 2011; Binder et al., 2009; Seghier, Fagan, & Price, 2010; Vigneau et al., 2006
	Executive semantic processing	Noonan et al., 2013; Seghier et al., 2010
	Automatic semantic processing	Davey et al., 2015; Humphreys & Lambon Ralph, 2015

Abbreviations: AG: angular gyrus; IFG: inferior frontal gyrus; MFG: middle frontal gyrus; MTG: middle temporal gyrus; PCG: precentral gyrus; SMG: supramarginal gyrus