Schematic of some sequential sampling models of decision-making
incorporated in ChaRTr. (A) The DDM model is the simplest
example of a diffusion model of decision-making. (B) A variant of the DDM with
variable non-decision time (St),
variable drift-rate (Sv) and a
variable start point (Sz). (C) A
DDM with collapsing bounds and variability in the non-decision time and drift
rate. The function A(t) takes the form of a
Weibull function as defined in Eq.
(6). (D) A variant of the DDM with variable non-decision time and
drift rate, and an “urgency signal”. This urgency signal grows
with elapsed decision time, which is implemented by multiplying the decision
variable by the increasing function of time γ(t) (Eq. (10), following Ditterich, 2006a). (E) UGM with variable
drift rate (Sv) and variable non
decision time (St). In the standard
UGM, the urgency signal is only thought to depend on time and thus starts at 0.
The sensory evidence is passed through a low pass filter (typically a
100–250 ms time constant, Carland et al.,
2015; Thura et al., 2012). The
sensory evidence is then multiplied by the urgency signal to produce a decision
variable that is compared to the decision boundaries. (F) Schematic of urgency
signals with an intercept (top panel) and a variable intercept (bottom
panel).