Table 1.
Veteran Characteristics by CPT/PE Initiation and Timing
| Early CPT/PE n=19,755 | Delayed CPT/PE n=40,879 | No CPT/PE n=204,932 | |||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | pa | |
| Gender | <0.001 | ||||||
| Female | 2,540 | 12.9% | 4,924 | 12.1% | 20,692 | 10.1% | |
| Male | 17,214 | 87.1% | 35,954 | 88.0% | 184,237 | 89.9% | |
| Missing | 1 | <0.1% | 1 | <0.1% | 3 | <0.1% | |
| Race | <0.001 | ||||||
| White | 14,007 | 70.9% | 29,064 | 71.1% | 145,900 | 71.2% | |
| Black or African American | 3,352 | 17.0% | 7,454 | 18.2% | 34,498 | 16.8% | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 255 | 1.3% | 557 | 1.4% | 2,358 | 1.2% | |
| Asian | 363 | 1.8% | 561 | 1.4% | 3,340 | 1.6% | |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 258 | 1.3% | 521 | 1.3% | 2,389 | 1.2% | |
| Multi-racial | 251 | 1.3% | 516 | 1.3% | 2,442 | 1.2% | |
| Missing | 1,269 | 6.4% | 2,206 | 5.4% | 14,005 | 6.8% | |
| Ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 2,427 | 12.3% | 5,249 | 12.8% | 25,060 | 12.2% | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 16,502 | 83.5% | 33,860 | 82.8% | 169,755 | 82.8% | |
| Other | 556 | 2.8% | 1,185 | 2.9% | 6,761 | 3.3% | |
| Missing | 270 | 1.4% | 585 | 1.4% | 3,356 | 1.6% | |
| Marital status | <0.001 | ||||||
| Married | 10,408 | 52.7% | 20,338 | 49.8% | 100,088 | 48.8% | |
| Never married | 4,614 | 23.4% | 9,814 | 24.0% | 52,954 | 25.8% | |
| Divorced, Separated, or Single | 4,292 | 21.7% | 9,995 | 24.5% | 47,525 | 23.2% | |
| Widow, Widower, or Widowed | 53 | 0.3% | 126 | 0.3% | 613 | 0.3% | |
| Missing | 388 | 2.0% | 606 | 1.5% | 3,752 | 1.8% | |
| Education | <0.001 | ||||||
| < High School Diploma | 237 | 1.2% | 483 | 1.2% | 2,917 | 1.4% | |
| High School Diploma | 15,914 | 80.6% | 34,027 | 83.2% | 172,686 | 84.3% | |
| College or Higher | 3,346 | 16.9% | 5,875 | 14.4% | 26,767 | 13.1% | |
| Missing | 258 | 1.3% | 494 | 1.2% | 2,562 | 1.3% | |
| Service branch | <0.001 | ||||||
| Air force | 1,376 | 7.0% | 2,126 | 5.2% | 11,130 | 5.4% | |
| Army | 13,437 | 68.0% | 29,812 | 72.9% | 145,269 | 70.9% | |
| Coast Guard | 6 | <0.1% | 17 | <0.1% | 123 | 0.1% | |
| Marine | 3,418 | 17.3% | 6,389 | 15.6% | 34,570 | 16.9% | |
| Navy | 1,518 | 7.7% | 2,535 | 6.2% | 13,840 | 6.8% | |
| Component | <0.001 | ||||||
| Active Duty (Regular) | 13,566 | 68.7% | 26,038 | 63.7% | 137,732 | 67.2% | |
| Guard | 3,711 | 18.8% | 9,594 | 23.5% | 43,106 | 21.0% | |
| Reserve | 2,478 | 12.5% | 5,247 | 12.8% | 24,094 | 11.8% | |
| Rank | <0.001 | ||||||
| Enlisted | 18,628 | 94.3% | 39,353 | 96.3% | 197,729 | 96.5% | |
| Officer | 995 | 5.0% | 1,350 | 3.3% | 6,104 | 3.0% | |
| Warrant | 132 | 0.7% | 176 | 0.4% | 1,099 | 0.5% | |
| Number of Deployments | <0.001 | ||||||
| Single deployment | 9,662 | 48.9% | 22,643 | 55.4% | 113,366 | 55.3% | |
| Multiple deployments | 10,001 | 50.6% | 18,089 | 44.3% | 90,851 | 44.3% | |
| Missing | 92 | 0.5% | 147 | 0.4% | 715 | 0.4% | |
| Military Sexual Trauma | 1,718 | 8.7% | 3,634 | 8.9% | 11,950 | 5.8% | <0.001 |
| Smokingb | 1,592 | 8.1% | 3,796 | 9.3% | 20,280 | 9.9% | <0.001 |
| PTSD Medicationc | 14,727 | 74.6% | 26,048 | 63.7% | 131,668 | 64.3% | <0.001 |
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | pa | |
| Age (Range 18–73) | 33.6 | 8.8 | 32.0 | 8.5 | 31.9 | 8.5 | <0.001 |
Note. CPT, cognitive processing therapy; PE, prolonged exposure therapy; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder
For categorical variables, p values are based on Chi-Square or Fisher’s Exact tests. For age, (continuous variable), p value is based on the Kruskal Wallis test.
Smoking in the year prior to the first mental health visit, identified using stop codes, ICD codes, and current procedural terminology codes for medications for smoking cessation and nicotine use
Documented prescription of one or more of the following medications that are commonly prescribed for posttraumatic stress disorder in the year prior to the first mental health visit or at any time in the year after the first mental health visit: amitriptyline, citalopram, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, imipramine, mirtazapine, paroxetine, prazosin, sertraline, or venlafaxine.