Table 2.
Demographics and urine BMP concentrations among CUIMC participants
| PD+LRRK2+ (n = 25) | PD+LRRK2‐ (n = 40) | PD‐LRRK2+ (n = 16) | PD‐LRRK2‐ (n = 35) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 69.4 (8.5) | 65.1 (9.3) | 56.8 (12.7) | 67.4 (10.4) | 0.0053 |
| Age at onset, mean (SD) | 56.9 (11.3) | 57.9 (10.9) | n/a | n/a | 0.4298b |
| Disease duration | 11 (1–26) | 7 (0–18) | n/a | n/a | 0.0026b |
| Sex (% female) | 10 (40%) | 16 (40%) | 8 (50%) | 17 (48.6%) | 0.8127 |
| UPDRS‐III, mean (SD) | 22.1 (10.3) | 16.9 (9.6) | 0.81 (1.04) | 1.08 (1.5) | <0.0001a |
| MoCA, mean (SD) | 26.5 (4.7) | 26.9 (1.6) | 28.7 (1.1) | 27.5 (2.1) | 0.0080a |
| LEDD | 547 (313.3) | 415 (375.7) | n/a | n/a | 0.097b |
| Total di‐18:1‐BMP, median (range) | 5.81 (0–30.8) | 2.26 (0–18.5) | 3.43 (1.03–11.49) | 2.30 (0–8.5) | 0.0007a |
| Total di‐22:6‐BMP, median (range) | 38.9 (9.36–134.5) | 10.5 (1.13–39.1) | 30.3 (5.16–61.9) | 8.29 (0–33.7) | <0.0001a |
| 2,2′‐di‐18:1‐BMP, median (range) | 4.56 (0–21.3) | 1.36 (0–12.69) | 2.36 (0.75–.31) | 1.15 (0–6.84) | <0.0001a |
| 2,2′‐di‐22:6 BMP, median (range) | 31.3 (6.73–106.42) | 5.72 (0.59–25.5) | 20.84 (4.35–35.62) | 5.29 (0–25.8) | <0.0001a |
| Creatinine, median (range) | 0.87 (0.34) | 0.89 (0.59) | 0.72 (0.44) | 0.68 (0.56) | 0.0984 |
BMP values shown are median (range) of creatinine‐normalized isoforms (ng/mg creatinine). The P values were calculated using the Kruskal‐Wallis test for continuous variables (all variables other than sex, age at onset, and disease duration).
a
Statistically significant difference. Note that it is driven primarily by the LRRK2 genotype. The chi‐square test was used for the categorical variable, sex.
b
P values were calculated using the Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables, Age at onset and disease duration were used to compare the 2 Parkinson's disease groups with each other.