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. 2020 Jan 24;11:512. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-14039-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 9 — a Geometry of the 2D computer model with unexcitable fibrosis elements shown in light blue. b Action potentials (AP) and their derivatives (dV/dt) show different electrophysiologic (EP) characteristics of SAN, SACP, and RA cells in the current model. Table results displaying combinations of adenosine dose and the percentage of sodium current (I_Na) block in terms of cycle length, SACT, and threshold of SAN pacemaking and conduction impairment in control model (c) and HF model (d). Ado adenosine, HF heart failure, SACP sinoatrial conduction pathway, SACT sinoatrial conduction time, SAN, sinoatrial node, SCL sinus cycle length.