a Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) tumours are generated by injection of adenovirus expressing Cre-recombinase (AdCre) into hindlimb muscles of LSL-KrasG12D/+;Trp53fl/fl (KP) and LSL-KrasG12D/+;Trp53fl/fl;Epas1fl/fl (KPH2) mice, and harvested 8–10 weeks after viral delivery. b Tumour weights of KP (n = 8) and KPH2 tumours (n = 7) at 9 weeks post-AdCre injection. Error bars are ± s.d; **p < 0.005. c MetaboAnalyst pathway enrichment analysis of VIP > 1 metabolites in muscle (Mus.) and KPH2 comparison following LC/MS; *p < 0.05. N = 4 with three technical replicates. d Normalized ion counts for glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, and asparagine (left to right) in gastrocnemius muscle (gastroc. muscle), KP, and KPH2 tumours. N = 4 with three technical replicates. Data represent mean ± s.d; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005. e Normalized ion counts for glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, and asparagine (left to right) in gastroc. muscle, KP, and LSL-KrasG12D/+;Trp53fl/fl;Arntfl/fl (KPA) tumours. N = 4 with three technical replicates; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005. f Proliferation of murine mesenchymal stem cells (MMSC; top left), murine myoblasts (C2C12; top right), KP tumour-derived cells (KP-6634; bottom left), and KPH2 tumour-derived cells (KPH2-7215; bottom right) grown in media with or without glucose (Gluc) and/or glutamine (Q). N = 3 with three technical replicates each. Data represent mean ± s.e.m.; **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005. g Viability of MMSCs, C2C12s, differentiated C2C12s (3 days, C2C12 D3; 6 days, C2C12 D6), KP-6634s, and KPH2-7215s grown in media with or without Q and assessed after 48 h. N = 3 with two technical replicates. Data represent mean ± s.e.m; **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005. p-Values were calculated from a two-tailed Student’s t-test for b, d–g. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.