Table 3.
Risk factor analysis for recurrence after surgical evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma.
| Recurrence (%) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | No (n = 262) | Yes (n = 29) | P-value | P-value | OR (95% CI) |
| Female | 81 (30.9%) | 2 (6.9%) | 0.016 | 0.093 | 0.246 (0.048–1.262) |
| Age (years) >75 | 114 (43.5%) | 8 (27.6%) | 0.105 | 0.235 | 0.547 (0.202–1.481) |
| Body weight >60 kg | 127 (48.5%) | 14 (48.3%) | 0.984 | ||
| Body mass index >25 | 68 (26.0%) | 6 (20.7%) | 0.638 | ||
| Smoking | 94 (35.9%) | 17 (58.6%) | 0.020 | 0.237 | 1.827 (0.673–4.959) |
| Alcohol | 109 (41.6%) | 16 (55.2%) | 0.165 | 0.789 | 0.870 (0.312–2.421) |
| Hypertension | 145 (55.3%) | 15 (51.7%) | 0.710 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 75 (28.6%) | 10 (34.5%) | 0.511 | ||
| Hyperlipidemia | 50 (19.1%) | 5 (17.2%) | 0.810 | ||
| Heart disease | 46 (17.6%) | 2 (6.9%) | 0.159 | 0.499 | 0.578 (0.118–2.830) |
| Liver disease | 24 (9.2%) | 6 (20.7%) | 0.060 | 0.374 | 1.722 (0.520–5.706) |
| Renal disease | 24 (9.2%) | 3 (10.3%) | 0.835 | ||
| Malignancy | 27 (10.3%) | 4 (13.8%) | 0.565 | ||
| Craniotomy history | 14 (5.3%) | 4 (13.8%) | 0.085 | 0.051 | 4.083 (0.991–16.815) |
| Antiplatelet medication | 70 (26.7%) | 7 (24.1%) | 0.765 | ||
| Anticoagulant medication | 15 (5.7%) | 1 (3.4%) | 0.614 | ||
| Platelet count (<140 × 103/μL) | 26 (9.9%) | 4 (13.8%) | 0.518 | ||
| INR > 1.2 | 34 (13.0%) | 7 (24.1%) | 0.108 | 0.441 | 1.547 (0.510–4.688) |
| aPTT > 40 sec | 21 (8.0%) | 3 (10.3%) | 0.666 | ||
| Bilateral hematoma | 103 (39.3%) | 13 (44.8%) | 0.566 | ||
| Maximal midline shifting (>5 mm) | 145 (55.3%) | 17 (58.6%) | 0.663 | ||
| Maximal hematoma thickness (>20 mm) | 117 (44.7%) | 13 (44.8%) | 0.927 | ||
| Mixed density hematoma | 126 (48.1%) | 15 (51.7%) | 0.648 | ||
| Double burr hole trephination | 61 (23.3%) | 9 (31.0%) | 0.356 | ||
| Bilateral surgical evacuation | 83 (31.7%) | 11 (37.9%) | 0.496 | ||
| Depressed brain volume (>50 cm3) at postoperative 7 days | 92 (35.1%) | 23 (79.3%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 6.765 (2.551–17.942) |
INR, International normalized ratio; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time.