Table 1.
Summary of environmental modelling of soil-transmitted helminth prevalence
| Infections | Spatial extent | Environmental predictors | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hookworm | Sub-national (South Africa) Prevalence data obtained from various types of surveys |
Elevation, temperature, rainfall, soil type | Mabaso et al., 2003 |
| Hookworm | Sub-national (South Africa) Prevalence aggregated at household level |
NDVI, soil properties, population density | Saathoff et al., 2005 |
| Hookworm Schistosoma mansoni |
Sub-national (Côte d’Ivoire) Prevalence aggregated at school level |
Elevation, slope, rainfall, LST, NDVI, land cover, soil type, distance to water bodies | Raso et al., 2006 |
| Hookworm | Sub-national (Brazil) Prevalence aggregated at household level |
Watershed, NDVI, population density | Pullan et al., 2008 |
| Hookworm | Regional (Kenya/Tanzania) Prevalence aggregated at school level |
Elevation, LST, NDVI, distance to waterbodies | Brooker and Clements, 2009 |
| Hookworm | National (Ghana) Prevalence aggregated at school level |
LST, NDVI, distance to waterbodies | Soares Magalhães et al., 2011 |
|
Ascaris lumbricoides Trichuris trichiura Hookworm |
National (Bolivia) Prevalence data obtained from various types of surveys |
Climate variables, elevation, LST, NDVI, EVI, land cover, soil properties, population density | Chammartin et al., 2013 |
|
A. lumbricoides T. trichiura Hookworm |
National (China) Prevalence data obtained from various types of surveys |
Rainfall, climate zones, elevation, LST, NDVI, rainfall, land cover, soil type, soil properties, distance to waterbodies, population density | Lai et al., 2013 |
| Hookworm | Sub-national (Tanzania) Prevalence aggregated at household level |
Elevation, slope, EVI, LST, rainfall, population density, sanitation coverage | Reiss et al., 2013 |
|
A. lumbricoides T. trichiura Hookworm |
National (Brazil) Prevalence aggregated at municipality level |
Climate variables, elevation, LST, NDVI, EVI, potable water and sanitation coverage, population density | Scholte et al., 2013 |
|
A. lumbricoides
T. trichiura Hookworm |
National (Philippines) Prevalence data aggregated at sub-district (barangay) level |
Rainfall, LST, NDVI, distance to waterbodies | Soares Magalhães et al., 2015 |
|
A. lumbricoides
T. trichiura Hookworm |
Regional (Bangladesh/India/Nepal/Pakistan) Prevalence data obtained from various types of surveys |
LST, NDVI, land cover, elevation, climate zones and variables, socioeconomic data, waterbodies, soil and water properties, population density | Lai et al., 2019 |
NVDI, normalized difference vegetation index; LST, land surface temperature EVI, enhanced vegetation index..