| DEF | Dose enhancement factor |
| GBS | GNP-loaded brachytherapy spacer |
| GNP | Gold nanoparticle |
| NBRs | Nanoparticle-based Radiosensitizers |
| CTCs | Circulating tumor cells |
| IRBs | Inert radiotherapy biomaterials |
| ITJ: | Intratumoral injection |
| LCS_NPs | Lecithin–chitosan nanoparticles ROI: Region of interest |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| PAI | Photoacoustic imaging |
| PEG | Poly(ethylene glycol) |
| ROI | Region of interest |
| SRBs | Smart radiotherapy biomaterials |
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