Involvement of the AP-1 transcription factors in LPA induced RON expression. (A) Cells were transiently transfected with the pAP-1 luciferase reporter construct and then incubated with 5 μM LPA for 0–8 h. After incubation, the cells were lysed, and luciferase activity was measured. Bars show the mean standard deviation from three measurements. (B) T24 cells were incubated with 5 μM LPA for 0–8 h, and the mRNA levels of c-fos and c-jun were determined by RT-PCR. (C) T24 cells were incubated with 5 μM LPA for 0–120 min, and the levels of c-fos and c-jun phosphorylation were determined by Western blot analysis. (D) T24 cells pretreated with SR11032 (SR, AP-1 inhibitor, 0–1 μM) were incubated with 5 μM LPA for 8 h, and RON mRNA levels were determined by RT-PCR. (E) T24 cells were transfected with an AP-1 decoy for 48 h and co-transfected with a RON promoter reporter overnight. After incubation with 5 μM LPA for 8 h, luciferase activity was measured with a luminometer. Bars show the mean standard deviation from three measurements. * p < 0.05 vs. LPA only.