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. 2019 Dec 19;17(1):53. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010053

Table 3.

Absenteeism and menstrual experiences or symptoms.

Menstrual Symptoms or Experiences Absenteeism p-Value Dysmenorrhea Total p-Value
No Yes No Yes
Dizziness No 113 (48.9%) 118 (51.1%) 0.000 * 70 (30.3%) 161 (69.7%) 231 (77.3%) 0.000 *
Yes 5 (7.4%) 63 (92.6%) 1 (1.5%) 67 (98.5%) 68 (22.7%)
Nausea and vomiting No 109 (49.1%) 113 (50.9%) 0.000 * 67 (30.2%) 155 (69.8%) 222 (74.2%) 0.000 *
Yes 9 (11.7%) 68 (88.3%) 4 (5.2%) 73 (94.8%) 77 (25.8%)
Diarrhea No 75 (44.1%) 95 (55.9%) 0.059 48 (28.2%) 122 (71.8%) 170 (56.9%) 0.036 *
Yes 43 (33.3%) 86 (66.7%) 23 (17.8%) 106 (82.2%) 129 (43.1%)
Sleep disorders No 104 (46.6%) 119 (53.4%) 0.000 * 61 (27.4%) 162 (72.6%) 223 (74.6%) 0.012 *
Yes 14 (18.4%) 62 (81.6%) 10 (13.2%) 66 (86.8%) 76 (25.4%)
Fatigue No 56 (63.6%) 32 (36.4%) 0.000 * 38 (43.2%) 50 (56.8%) 88 (29.4%) 0.000 *
Yes 62 (29.4%) 149 (70.6%) 33 (15.6%) 178 (84.4%) 211 (70.6%)
Bloating No 23 (60.5%) 15 (39.5%) 0.004 * 19 (50%) 19 (59%) 38 (12.7%) 0.000 *
Yes 95 (36.4%) 166 (63.6%) 52 (19.9%) 209 (80.1%) 261 (87.3%)
Headache No 78 (47.6%) 86 (52.4%) 0.002 * 56 (34.1%) 108 (65.9%) 164 (54.8%) 0.000 *
Yes 40 (29.6%) 95 (70.4%) 15 (11.1%) 120 (88.9%) 135 (45.2%)
Irritability No 43 (60.6%) 28 (39.4%) 0.000 * 28 (39.4%) 43 (60.6%) 71 (23.7%) 0.000 *
Yes 75 (32.9%) 153 (67.1%) 43 (18.9%) 185 (81.1%) 228 (76.3%)
Depression No 63 (52.9%) 56 (47.1%) 0.000 * 41 (34.5%) 78 (65.5%) 119 (39.8%) 0.000 *
Yes 55 (30.6%) 125 (69.4%) 30 (16.7%) 150 (83.3%) 180 (60.2%)
Dysmenorrhea No 58 (81.7%) 13 (18.3%) 0.000 * 71 (23.7%)
Yes 60 (26.3%) 168 (73.7%) 228 (76.3%)

* p < 0.05.