Figure 1.

Scheme for the transdifferentiation of hCL-MSCs into neuron-like cells (hNLCs) and the endpoints evaluated at specific timing of Fe₃O₄NPs treatment. P indicates the passage number. The appearance of cell outgrowth from explant cultures was routinely monitored, and roundish or long fusiform cells were observed already after 3 days. The typical fibroblast morphology and homogeneous monolayer were detected between the 10th–17th days and the confluence (80–90%) was reached after approximately 21 days from the seeded cord lining (CL) pieces (Figure 1 and Figure 2A).