Table 1.
Features of the included studies.
| First author (year) | Sample size | Sex (M : F) | Age (year) (mean ± SD) | Duration (mean ± SD)(or range) | Intervention (combination therapy) | Control group (HA alone) | Outcome measures | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chen Y. (2015) | 116 | T: 26 : 32 C: 28 : 30 | T: 56.1 ± 4.8 C: 55.0 ± 4.6 |
T: 3.7 ± 2.0 y C: 3.9 ± 2.1 y |
AT + HA 1 time per week (4 weeks) | 2 ml 1 time per week (4 weeks) | LKSS, VAS, ER | 1 year |
| Gao Y. (2017) | 80 | T: 30 : 10 C: 28 : 12 |
T: 59.2 ± 3.3 C: 60.5 ± 3.9 |
T: 6.5 ± 0.5 y C: 6.9 ± 0.9 y |
WA + HA 1 time per day (15 min, 5 weeks) | 2.5 ml 1 time per week (5 weeks) | WOMAC, QOL, VAS, LKSS | 5 weeks |
| Han D. (2016) | 128 | T: 34 : 3 C: 28 : 36 |
T:62.4 ± 6.8 C:63.0 ± 6.5 |
T: 5.83 ± 0.4 y C: 6.02 ± 0.2 y |
WA + HA 3 times per week (30 min, 4 weeks) | 2 ml 1 time per week (4 weeks) | LKSS, ER | 4 weeks |
| Hao Y. F. (2017) | 80 | T: 17 : 23 C: 19 : 21 |
T: 55.91 ± 6.32 C: 56.32 ± 5.92 |
T: 52.32 ± 46.5 d C: 53.67 ± 45.8 d |
MA + HA 1 time per day (30 min, 5 weeks) | 2 ml 1 time per week (5 weeks) | VAS, SF-36, ER, WOMAC | 5 weeks |
| He H. J. (2016) | 108 | T: 12 : 44 C: 10 : 42 |
T:50.32 ± 14.38 C:54.05 ± 14.07 |
T: 4 m–10 y C: 3 m–9 y |
AT + HA 1 time per week (2 weeks) | 3 ml 1 time per week (5 weeks) | HSS, VAS | 3 months |
| Lv L. (2017) | 66 | I: 16 : 17 C: 18 : 15 |
I: 44.10 ± 0.18 C: 44.11 ± 0.15 |
NM | MA + HA 5 times per week (30 min, 4 weeks) | 2 ml 1 time per week (4 weeks) | ER, VAS, HSS | 1 month |
| Ren J. (2012) | 100 | I: 24 : 26 C: 22 : 28 |
NM | NM | WA + HA 3 times per week (4 weeks) | 2 ml 1 time per week (4 weeks) | VAS, LKSS, ER | 1 month |
| Ren X. G. (2015) | 60 | T: 11 : 19 C: 13 : 17 |
T: 63.8 ± 9.8 C: 64.1 ± 10.9 |
T: 3.4 ± 1.4 y C: 3.2 ± 1.4 y |
AT + HA 1 time every 2 weeks (4 weeks) | 2 ml 1 time per week (4 weeks) | LKSS, ER | 6 months |
| Tian H. J. (2018) | 140 | T: 34 : 36 C: 32 : 38 |
T: 59.5 ± 17.5 C: 61.5 ± 20.5 |
NM | WA + HA NM | 2 ml 1 time per week (4 weeks) | LKSS, QOL | 1 month |
| Zhao Z. C. (2018) | 120 | T: 35 : 25 C: 33 : 27 |
T: 62.06 ± 4.37 C: 61.23 ± 4.25 |
T: 6.50 ± 3.04 y C: 6.38 ± 3.14 y |
MA + AT + HA 7 times per week (30 min, 4 weeks) | 2 ml 1 time per week (4 weeks) | LKSS, VAS, JOA, ER | 6 months |
AT: acupotomy; WA: warm acupuncture; MA: manual acupuncture; NM: not mentioned; LKSS: Lysholm scores; VAS: visual analogue scale; ER: clinical efficacy rate; SF-36: Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey; WOMAC: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; QOL: the scales of quality of life; JOA: the scales of Japanese Orthopedics Association; HSS: hospital for special surgery.