Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Study Group |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Natamycin only (N = 26) | Natamycin + CXL (N = 27) | Amphotericin only (N = 30) | Amphotericin + CXL (N = 28) | P-Values |
| Sex, No. (%) | 0.53 | ||||
| Male | 17 (65) | 15 (56) | 14 (47) | 17 (61) | |
| Female | 9 (35) | 12 (44) | 16 (53) | 11 (39) | |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 50 (36, 55) | 55 (47, 65) | 45 (40, 58) | 56 (45, 65) | 0.03 |
| Occupation, No. (%) | 0.74 | ||||
| Agriculture | 16 (62) | 13 (48) | 18 (60) | 13 (46) | |
| Non-agriculture | 10 (38) | 14 (52) | 12 (40) | 15 (54) | |
| Medication use at enrollment, No. (%) a | 18 (69) | 21 (78) | 19 (66) | 24 (86) | 0.31 |
| Trauma, No. (%) a | 0.77 | ||||
| Stick | 0 | 6 (22) | 4 (14) | 3 (11) | |
| Leaf | 0 | 2 (7) | 2 (7) | 5 (18) | |
| Dust | 9 (35) | 6 (22) | 5 (17) | ^3 (11) | |
| Stone | 1 (4) | 1 (4) | 0 | 1 (4) | |
| Cow tail | 2 (8) | 1 (4) | 0 | 0 | |
| Insect | 0 | 1 (4) | 2 (7) | 1 (4) | |
| Other b | 4 (15) | 1 (4) | 3 (10) | 1 (4) | |
| Unknown object | 0 | 1 (4) | 3 (10) | 2 (7) | |
| None | 10 (39) | 8 (30) | 10 (37) | 12 (43) | |
| Affected eye, No. (%) | 0.53 | ||||
| Right | 15 (58) | 15 (56) | 12 (40) | 15 (54) | |
| Left | 11 (42) | 12 (44) | 18 (60) | 13 (46) | |
| Visual acuity, median (IQR) | 0.27 | ||||
| LogMAR | 1.05 (0.62, 1.12) | 1.10 (0.60, 1.70) | 1.05 (0.62, 1.70) | 1.22 (0.91, 1.70) | |
| Approx. Snellen | 20/250 | 20/250 | 20/250 | 20/320 | |
| Ulcer location, No. (%) | 0.84 | ||||
| Central | 21 (81) | 23 (85) | 26 (87) | 22 (79) | |
| Peripheral | 5 (19) | 4 (15) | 4 (13) | 6 (21) | |
| Infiltrate and/or scar, median (IQR), mmc | 3.0 (2.5, 3.5) | 3.9 (2.6, 4.5) | 3.5 (2.7, 4.5) | 3.1 (2.8, 5.0) | 0.22 |
| Hypopyon, No. (%) | 0.27 | ||||
| No | 19 (73) | 16 (60) | 15 (50) | 14 (50) | |
| <0.5 mm | 1 (4) | 5 (19) | 5 (17) | 1 (4) | |
| >=0.5 mm | 6 (15) | 6 (22) | 10 (33) | 13 (46) | |
| % Depth, No. (%) a | 0.34 | ||||
| >0–33% | 14 (56) | 13 (50) | 13 (43) | 9 (32) | |
| >33–67% | 11 (44) | 12 (46) | 17 (57) | 19 (68) | |
| >67–100% | 0 | 1 (4) | 0 | 0 | |
| Epithelial defect, median (IQR), mmc | 3.0 (2.4, 4.0) | 3.9 (2.6, 4.5) | 3.5 (2.2, 4.5) | 3.4 (3.0, 4.7) | 0.29 |
| Duration of symptoms, median (IQR), d | 5 (4, 10) | 7 (3, 7) | 5 (3, 10) | 4 (3, 9) | 0.81 |
| Systemic disease, No. (%) | |||||
| None | 25 (96) | 26 (96) | 27 (90) | 26 (93) | 0.73 |
| Diabetes | 0 | 0 | 3 (10) | 0 | 0.04 |
| Asthma/eczema | 0 | 0 | 1 (3) | 1 (4) | 0.60 |
| Hypertension | 1 (4) | 1 (4) | 0 | 1 (4) | 0.77 |
a
Missing data
b
Includes fall, mattress, metal wire, mud, nail, sand, wood
c
Geometric mean
P-values from chi-square tests for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables
Abbreviations: CF = count fingers, d = days, HM = hand motion, IQR = interquartile range, LogMAR = logarithm of the minimum angle, LP = light perception, mm = millimeters, No. = number, y = years