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. 2019 Dec 23;20(1):105. doi: 10.3390/s20010105

Table 4.

Summary of testing if the learning ability of both groups is the same, thus, if they are comparable. This test was conducted in the pre-test stage of the experiment to test if both groups are comparable and show same learning ability. Results show no significant difference between both groups.

Test Item Source SS df MS F Value Variability Homogeneity Test Significance
structure Both groups in pre-test stage 0.263 1 0.263 0.043 0.836
594.897 98 6.070
dimension Both groups in pre-test stage 3.879 1 3.879 0.657 0.420
395.839 98 5.903
flow Both groups in pre-test stage 0.421 1 0.421 0.158 0.692
260.889 98 2.662
layout Both groups in pre-test stage 2.147 1 2.147 0.237 0.627
886.043 98 9.041
symbol Both groups in pre-test stage 1.151 1 1.151 0.155 0.695
Both groups in pre-test stage 727.609 98 7.425

p > 0.05.