Table 1.

Isolation and purification, water-soluble β-glucan yield and MWs produced by different modification methods.

Water Soluble β-Glucan	Modification Methods	Isolation and Purification	Yield	MW	Ref.
1,3-/1,6-glucan	Heat degradation	Centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 20 min; filtered through a 0.45 µm disposable syringe filter	89.8%	70.8 × 104 −0.13 × 104	[27]
Black yeast β-Glucan	Irradiation 10, 30 and 50 kGy	_	55.76%, 75.81%, 81.72%	6.2 × 104, 3.2 × 104, 2.5 × 104	[29]
Poria cocos β-glucan	Ultrasonic treatment	Ultrafiltration using a membrane with a MW cut-off of 10 kDa	PCS90 6.30 mg/mL (Solubility)	4.3 × 104	[39]
Yeast β-glucan	High pressure micro-jet	Ethanol precipitationcentrifugation	79.3%		[47]
G. lucidum β-glucan	Sulfation	Ultrafiltration system (Sartorius. Co. SM 17521), using a 10,000 MW cut-off filter	85%	9.3 × 103	[55]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1→3)-β-d-glucan	Phosphorylation	1 µm pre-filter Pellicon tangential flow dialyzer (Millipore, Bedford, MA)	70%	1.28 × 106 −0.25 × 105, 3.57 × 106 −1.10 × 105, 12.23 × 106 −3.04 × 105	[71]
Yeast β-1,3-glucan	Enzymic	Sephadex G-100	52%	6.380 × 108, 4.785 × 107, 1.206 × 106	[78]