Table 2.
Flavonoid content and antioxidant activity (mg∙g−1 dry plant material ± SE) in extracts from the investigated plant materials (n = 3).
| Medium | Plants with Tomentose Leaves | Plants with Glabrous Leaves | Plants from Soil Cultivation | Plants from Hydroponic Cultivation | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Calus from the Root | Calus from the Leaf | Calus from the Root | Calus from the Leaf | Roots | Leaves | Roots | Leaves | |||||||||||||
| B | D | E | A | B | C | D | E | B | C | D | E | A | C | D | E | |||||
| FC | 0.84 ± 0.07 d |
0.63 ± 0.09 de |
0.85 ± 0.07 d |
1.04 ± 0.09 cd |
0.42 ± 0.04 e |
0.57 ± 0.05 e |
0.82 ± 0.07 d |
0.99 ± 0.08 cd |
0.50 ± 0.05 e |
0.70 ± 0.06 de |
0.05 ± 0.03 f |
2.18 ± 0.04 bc |
0.81 ± 0.05 d |
0.69 ± 0.04 de |
0.77 ± 0.04 d |
1.57 ± 0.12 c |
2.92 ± 0.37 b |
34.67 ± 1.36 a |
3.69 ± 0.67 b |
38.26 ± 5.50 a |
| TPC | 6.46 ± 0.24 ef |
4.81 ± 0.13 g |
35.89 ± 1.29 a |
7.81 ± 0.28 de |
1.92 ± 0.09 h |
5.90 ± 0.12 fg |
19.66 ± 0.97 b |
6.74 ± 0.28 ef |
2.73 ± 0.05 h |
28.05 ± 1.07 a |
n. d. | 5.31 ± 0.22 fg |
13.44 ± 0.34 c |
6.46 ± 0.19 ef |
10.92 ± 0.26 cd |
17.93 ± 0.85 b |
18.73 ±1.32 b |
19.06 ± 0.30 b |
19.90 ±2.54 b |
12.05 ± 0.53 c |
| DPPH | 6.69 ± 0.12 b |
3.87 ± 0.10 d |
5.93 ± 0.14 bc |
4.18 ± 0.11 cd |
4.74 ± 0.13 c |
6.37 ± 0.15 b |
7.25 ± 0.26 b |
2.36 ± 0.05 e |
3.57 ± 0.13 d |
6.50 ± 0.18 b |
0.01 ± 0.01 f |
2.18 ± 0.05 e |
5.97 ± 0.12 bc |
6.46 ± 0.25 b |
6.65 ± 0.27 b |
2.82 ± 0.11 de |
5.24 ±1.26 bc |
17.02 ± 2.43 a |
4.72 ± 0.62 c |
2.71 ± 0.37 de |
| ABTS | 13.34 ± 0.50 bc |
10.65 ± 0.25 de |
13.74 ± 0.59 bc |
9.37 ± 0.41 ef |
8.56 ± 0.27 f |
13.63 ± 0.51 bc |
15.20 ± 0.33 ab |
10.76 ± 0.27 de |
10.37 ± 0.24 de |
14.70 ± 0.47 ab |
1.12 ± 0.02 g |
8.23 ± 0.16 f |
10.21 ± 0.22 de |
12.75 ± 0.48 c |
14.89 ± 0.62 ab |
10.51 ± 0.57 d |
11.18 ± 0.63 cd |
16.99 ± 0.66 a |
8.22 ±1.55 f |
8.08 ± 0.48 f |
FC—flavonoid content, DPPH, ABTS and TPC—antioxidant activity evaluated in tests with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid and Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, respectively. Different letters in each line indicate significant differences shown by Tukey’s test at p < 0.05.