3-D	Three Dimensional
5G	Fifth Generation
AE	Auto-Encoder
AGV	Automated Guided Vehicle
AI	Artificial Intelligence
AKSC	Adaptive Kernel Spectral Clustering
ANN	Artificial Neural Network
AR	Augmented Reality
BDA	Big Data Analytics
BMM	Beta Mixture Model
BPNN	Back Propagation Neural Network
CC	Cloud Computing
CIM	Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
CLR	Cyclic Learning Rate
CMS	Cyber-Manufacturing System
CNC	Computer Numerical Control
CNN	Convolutional Neural Network
CPS	Cyber-Physical System
CWRU	Case Western Reserve University
D2C	Device-to-Cloud
D2D	Device-to-Device
DAE	Deep Auto-Encoder
DBSCAN	Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise
DDA	Deep Denoising Auto-Encoder
DDD	Diversity for Dealing with Drift
DECG	Device Electrocariogram
DL	Deep Learning
DNN	Deep Neural Network
DPCA	Distributed Principal Component Analysis
DTL	Deep Transfer Learning
EC2	Elastic Compute Cloud
ELM	Extreme Learning Machine
FDI	Fault Detection and Isolation
FPGA	Field-Programmable Gate Array
GPU	Graphics Processing Unit
GRU	Gated Recurrent Unit
HAR	Human Activity Recognition
HCPS	Human Cyber-Physical System
HIL	Human-in-the-Loop
HITL	Hardware-in-the-Loop
HMM	Hidden Markov Mechanism
HPS	Human Physical System
IaaS	intelligence-as-a-Service
ICA	Independent Component Analysis
ICS	Industrial Control System
IDARTS	Intelligent Data Analysis and Real-Time Supervision
IFS	Intelligent Factory Space
IIoT	Industrial Internet of Things
IIRA	Industrial Internet Reference Architecture
IoT	Internet of Things
IWSN	Industrial Wireless Sensor Network
KNN	K-Nearest Neighbor
LDA	Linear-Discriminate Analysis
LSTM	Long Short-Term Memory
M2M	Machine-to-Machine
MC	Multiple Classifiers
MGRU	Multilayer Gated Recurrent Unit
MHMM	Mixture-Hidden Markov Model
ML	Machine Learning
MLSTM	Multilayer Long Short-Term Memory
MMAL	Mixed Model Assembly Line
MMCCLR	Max-Min Cosine Cyclic Learning Rate Scheduler
MS	Manufacturing System
NN	Neural Network
OCC	Operator’s Choice Complexity
PCA	Principal Component Analysis
Pi	Patented Intelligence
PLC	Programmable Logic Controller
PMLL	Predictive Modelling Markup Language
RAMI 4.0	Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0
RandF	Random Forest
RBF	Radial Basis Function
RBM	Restricted Boltzmann Machine
RFID	Radio Frequency Identification
RL	Reinforcement Learning
RNN	Recurrent Neural Network
RUL	Remaining Useful Lifetime
RVM	Relevance Vector Machine
SAE	Stacked Auto-Encoder
SECNN	Snapshot Ensemble Convolutional Neural Network
SGD	Stochastic Gradient Descent
SME	Small and Medium-sized Enterprise
SMOTE	Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique
SPE	Square Predicted Error
SVM	Support Vector Machine
SVR	Support Vector Regression
VR	Virtual Reality
WK	Weighted Kernel
WMV	Weighted-Majority Voting