Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Sample (n = 95)
| Age, mean yrs (SD, range) | 58.5(11.7,28–81) |
| Age ≥50 yrs (%) | 77.9 |
| Race (% Caucasian) | 96.7 |
| Education (% completed ≥2 yrs college) | 48.4 |
| Marital status (% married) | 70.5 |
| Preoperative pain (%)* | 28.0 |
| History of breast cancer (%) | 25.3 |
| Cancer status (%) | |
| Benign | 29.5 |
| Malignant | 70.5 |
| Surgery type (%) | |
| Lumpectomy | 56.8 |
| Lumpectomy with nodes or mastectomy | 43.2 |
| Additional treatments within 3 months (%) | |
| Postoperative chemotherapy | 23.2 |
| Postoperative radiotherapy | 37.9 |
| Postoperative hormone therapy | 12.6 |
| Clinically meaningful acute pain (%) | 35.8 |
| Analgesic use (%) | |
| Day 2 assessment | 84.2 |
| Nonopioid analgesic | 37.9 |
| Opioid analgesic | 46.3 |
| Day 10 assessment | 45.3 |
| Nonopioid analgesic | 20.0 |
| Opioid analgesic | 25.3 |
*
The sample size was 93 for preoperative breast pain, because of missing data.