Table 2.

Comparisons of candidate biomarkers among different disease groups. Listed are the biomarkers that were found to be significantly differently expressed. The AUC corresponds to the combined score formed by linear combination of the significant biomarkers.

Comparison of interest	# Significantly differentially expressed biomarkers	AUC (95% CI)
Controls vs. RAP vs. CP vs. PDAC	24 – RESISTIN, LEPTIN, GM-CSF, IL-1β, IFNγ, IL-31, PDGFB, IL-27, TNFα, SCF, MIP-1α, IFNβ, RANTES, IL-17F, IL-6, FASL, IP-10, IL-13, TNFβ, HGF, MIG, IL-12P40, TGFα, NGF	Not Significant
Controls vs. CP vs. PDAC	11 – GM-CSF, LEPTIN, IL-31, RESISTIN, PDGFB, FASL, IFNβ, IL-17F, IL-27, TGFα, TNFβ	Not Significant
Controls vs. RAP vs. CP	18 – RESISTIN, LEPTIN, GM-CSF, IL-1β, IFNγ, IL-31, PDGFB, IL-27, TNFα, SCF, MIP-1α, IFNβ, RANTES, IL-17F, IL-6, FASL, IP-10, IL-13	Not Significant
RAP vs. Controls	6 – IFN γ, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-27, IL-31, and FASL	0.77 (0.64 – 0.90)
CP vs. Controls	5 – GM-CSF, IFNβ, LEPTIN, PDGFB, and RESISTIN	0.86 (0.77 – 0.94)
PDAC vs. Controls	4 – GM-CSF, IL-31, LEPTIN, and FASL	0.77 (0.68 – 0.85)
CP vs. RAP	4 – RESISTIN, SCF, MIP-1α, and IL-17F	0.77 (0.64 – 0.90)
PDAC vs. RAP	5 – HGF, IL-12P40, MIG, SCF, and TNFα	0.77 (0.66 – 0.89)
PDAC vs. CP	3 – IFNβ, IL-17F and PDGFB	0.76 (0.67 – 0.86)
Disease Subgroup Analysis
Controls with DM vs. no DM	4 – IL-1α, SDF1A, RESISTIN, and VEGF	0.85 (0.72 – 0.97)
DM Subgroup Analysis
DM Controls vs. CP with DM vs. PDAC with DM	9 – RESISTIN, RANTES, GM-CSF, IL-31, IL-1α, PDGFB, SDF1A, FASL, and ICAM1	Not Significant
CP with DM vs. DM Controls	5 – GM-CSF, IL-1α, RANTES, RESISTIN, and SDF1A	0.90 (0.81 – 0.99)
PDAC with DM vs. DM Controls	6 – GM-CSF, IL-31, RANTES, RESISTIN, FASL, and ICAM1	0.96 (0.93 – 1.00)
PDAC with DM vs. CP with DM	1 – PDGFB	0.69 (0.56 – 0.82)