Table 2.
Association between gender of offspring and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: The HOPE Study, 2003-2008
| All Cancer | Invasive | HGSOC | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controls | Cases | Adjusted OR* |
Cases | Adjusted OR* |
Cases | Adjusted OR* |
|
| N(%) | N(%) | 95% CI | N(%) | 95% CI | N(%) | 95% CI | |
| Gave birth to a boy | |||||||
| Never | 316 (20.64) | 150 (22.59) | ref | 126 (21.95) | ref | 76 (22.16) | ref |
| Ever | 1215 (79.36) | 514 (77.41) | 0.92 (0.72, 1.16) | 448 (78.05) | 0.93 (0.73, 1.20) | 267 (77.84) | 0.89 (0.65, 1.21) |
| All Boys | |||||||
| No | 1199 (78.31) | 525 (79.07) | ref | 458 (79.79) | ref | 277 (80.76) | ref |
| Yes | 332 (21.69) | 139 (20.93) | 0.89 (0.70, 1.13) | 119 (20.21) | 0.85 (0.66, 1.10) | 66 (19.24) | 0.83 (0.61, 1.13) |
| Gender of offspring | |||||||
| All girls | 316 (20.64) | 150 (22.59) | ref | 116 (20.21) | ref | 66 (19.24) | ref |
| All boys | 332 (21.69) | 139 (20.93) | 0.86 (0.65, 1.15) | 126 (21.95) | 0.85 (0.63, 1.15) | 76 (22.16) | 0.80 (0.55, 1.17) |
| Mixed | 883 (57.67) | 375 (56.48) | 0.95 (0.74, 1.24) | 332 (57.84) | 0.99 (0.76, 1.31) | 201 (58.60) | 0.95 (0.68, 1.32) |
| Number of boys | |||||||
| No boy | 316 (20.64) | 150 (22.59) | ref | 126 (21.95) | ref | 76 (22.16) | ref |
| 1 boy | 602 (39.32) | 261 (39.31) | 0.92 (0.72, 1.19) | 227 (39.55) | 0.94 (0.72, 1.23) | 141 (41.11) | 0.96 (0.70, 1.33) |
| 2 boys | 403 (26.32) | 171 (25.75) | 0.91 (0.68, 1.22) | 150 (26.13) | 0.93 (0.68, 1.26) | 79 (23.03) | 0.76 (0.52, 1.11) |
| 3 or more boys | 210 (13.72) | 82 (12.35) | 0.84 (0.56, 1.25) | 71 (12.37) | 0.82 (0.54, 1.25) | 47 (13.70) | 0.79 (0.48, 1.30) |
| P for trend | 0.41 | 0.36 | 0.24 | ||||
| Among women with one birth† | |||||||
| No boy | 117 (52.00) | 65 (56.03) | ref | 51 (53.13) | ref | 31 (51.67) | ref |
| 1 boy | 108 (48.00) | 51 (43.97) | 0.85 (0.53, 1.36) | 45 (46.88) | 0.95 (0.58, 1.56) | 29 (48.33) | 1.04 (0.57, 1.88) |
| Among women with two births† | |||||||
| No boy | 139 (24.13) | 66 (26.51) | ref | 58 (26.98) | ref | 35 (29.91) | ref |
| 1 boy | 300 (52.08) | 124 (49.80) | 0.84 (0.58, 1.22) | 108 (50.23) | 0.84 (0.57, 1.23) | 60 (51.28) | 0.78 (0.49, 1.26) |
| 2 boys | 137 (23.78) | 59 (23.69) | 0.88 (0.57, 1.36) | 49 (22.79) | 0.84 (0.53, 1.32) | 22 (18.80) | 0.62 (0.34, 1.12) |
| P for trend | 0.56 | 0.44 | 0.12 | ||||
*
Adjusted for age, race, education, duration of OC use, number of full-term births; further adjusting for duration of breast feeding, tubal ligation and hysterectomy did not change the results (data not shown)
†
Not adjusted for number of full-term pregnancies in the analysis by number of births.