Figure 8.

Collaboration and cooperation are required to address the antibody reproducibility problem. Reproducibility requires the combined efforts of the user, vendor, and publisher. Users should perform assay-specific validation of antibody performance and conduct well-designed experiments. Validation results, whether good or bad, can be openly shared and detailed methods reported when the scientific findings are published. The vendor's role is to provide high-quality, well-characterized antibodies with detailed disclosure of methods and results. The publisher can formulate and enforce guidelines for antibody validation and data reporting, providing access to detailed methods and other supporting information. Researchers must work together to standardize the way research antibodies are validated, used, and reported.