Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants by zinc level (n=440)
| Low zinc level N (%) | Normal zinc level N (%) | Total N (%) | P-Value | OR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||||
| <50 | 139 (38.4) | 223 (61.6) | 362 (82.3) | 0.681 | |
| >50 | 94 (24.0) | 112 (29.0) | 78 (17.7) | 0.003 | 1.413 |
| Total | 183 (41.6) | 257 (58.4) | |||
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 20 (38.5) | 32 (61.5) | 52 (11.8) | 0.863 | |
| Female | 183 (41.6) | 225 (58.4) | 388 (88.2) | 0.370 | |
| Total | 183 (41.6) | 257 (58.4) | 440 (100) | ||
| Marital status | |||||
| Single | 42 (34.7) | 79 (65.3) | 121 (27.5) | 0.671 | |
| Married | 141 (44.2) | 178 (55.8) | 319 (72.5) | 0.044 | |
| Nationalities | |||||
| Saudi | 167 (41.0) | 240 (59.0) | 407 (92.5) | 0.739 | |
| Non-Saudi | 16 (48.5) | 17 (51.5) | 33 (7.5) | 0.256 | |
| Social status | |||||
| Low | 42 (43.8) | 54 (56.3) | 96 (21.8) | - | |
| Middle | 109 (39.6) | 166 (60.4) | 275 (62.5) | - | |
| High | 32 (46.4) | 37 (53.6) | 69 (15.7) | 0.179 | |
| BMI | |||||
| <25 | 21 (28.0) | 54 (72.0) | 75 (17.0) | 0.018 | - |
| 25-30 | 76 (47.5) | 84 (52.5) | 160 (36.0) | 0.016 | - |
| >30 | 86 (42.0) | 119 (58) | 205 (47.0) | ||
| Participants | |||||
| Diabetic | 171 (67.9) | 81 (32.1) | 252 (57.3) | 30.963 | |
| Control | 12 (6.4) | 176 (93.6) | 188 (42.7) | <0.001 | |
| HTN | |||||
| Yes | 37 (46.8) | 42 (53.2) | 79 (18.0) | 1.297 | |
| No | 146 (40.4) | 215 (59.6) | 361 (82.0) | 0.179 | |
| Dyslipidemia | |||||
| Yes | 52 (41.6) | 73 (58.4) | 125 (28.4) | 1.001 | |
| No | 131 (41.6) | 184 (58.4) | 315 (71.6) | 0.476 |
BMI=Body mass index, OR=Odds ratio, HTN=Hypertension